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In some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have been applied to it.[1][2] In contrast, a surface representation is the phonetic representation of the word or sound. The concept of an underlying representation is central to generative grammar.[3]
If more phonological rules apply to the same underlying form, they can apply wholly independently of each other or in a feeding or counterbleeding order. The underlying representation of a morpheme is considered to be invariable across related forms (except in cases of suppletion), despite alternations among various allophones on the surface.
^Bromberger, Sylvain; Morris Halle (2006). "Phonology". In Donald M. Borchert (ed.). Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 551–553.
^O'Grady, William; John Archibald (2005). Contemporary Linguistics. Boston: Bedord/St. Martin's. p. 92.
^Crystal, David (2009). "underlying (adj.)". Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Hoboken: Wiley. p. 501.
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as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlyingrepresentation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form...
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converts a theoretical underlyingrepresentation into a surface form that is actually heard. The units of which the underlying representations of morphemes...
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is an instance. (See also: Chord progression § Blues changes.) Underlyingrepresentation In the first formulations of transformational grammar, active...
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of representation: underlyingrepresentation and surface phonetic representation. Ordered phonological rules govern how underlyingrepresentation is transformed...
enumerated type are usually implemented with some integer type as the underlyingrepresentation. Some languages, especially system programming languages, allow...
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English. An example of this phenomenon is the word income; its underlyingrepresentation, /ˈɪnˌkʌm/, can be realized as either [ˈɪnˌkʌm] or [ˈɪŋˌkʌm]....
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underlyingrepresentation //bʌs-z//). English also has a rule which devoices segments after voiceless consonants, as in [bʊks], with the underlying representation...
editing the underlyingrepresentation of a document or a computer program, when tools that allow working on a higher level representation also exist....
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feature. Vertical vowel systems have only been uncovered in the underlyingrepresentation of various languages' phonology. Phonetically, all known natural...
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pattern is usable; the context for the pattern. Structure: A graphical representation of the pattern. Class diagrams and Interaction diagrams may be used...
theoretical physics, a representation of a Lie group is a linear action of a Lie group on a vector space. Equivalently, a representation is a smooth homomorphism...