Deep structure and surface structure (also D-structure and S-structure although those abbreviated forms are sometimes used with distinct meanings) are concepts used in linguistics, specifically in the study of syntax in the Chomskyan tradition of transformational generative grammar.
The deep structure of a linguistic expression is a theoretical construct that seeks to unify several related structures. For example, the sentences "Pat loves Chris" and "Chris is loved by Pat" mean roughly the same thing and use similar words. Some linguists, Chomsky in particular, have tried to account for this similarity by positing that these two sentences are distinct surface forms that derive from a common (or very similar[1]) deep structure.
^In the first formulations of transformational grammar, active and passive pairs had identical deep structures. As the theory developed, it became necessary to mark whether a sentence was active or passive in the deep structure itself, with the result that active/passive pairs had almost-but-not-quite identical deep structures.
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Surfacestructure may refer to: Surface finish of physical objects Surface roughness of physical objects Deepstructureandsurfacestructure in transformational...
the structure by Matton, et al. (2005, 2008) concluded it was not an impact structure. Further analysis of deepstructure underneath the surface, including...
internal structure of Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater...
a deepstructureand a surfacestructure. But these are not quite identical to Hjelmslev's content plane and expression plane. The deepstructure represents...
observations such as the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field and via large computer simulations. Under present models, the structure of the visible universe was formed...
An earth structure is a building or other structure made largely from soil. Since soil is a widely available material, it has been used in construction...
environment. In general, as deeper (into the sediment) burrows become more common, the shallower the water. As (intricate) surface traces become more common...
typical of a complex impact structure, where the liquefied rocks splashed up in the wake of the meteor as it penetrated the surface. A timeline of the Earth's...
phases, but their high surface energy makes them unstable and prone to break up when annealing allows diffusion to progress. A deeper eutectic or more rapid...
structure is a common term employed to characterize the porosity, pore size, pore size distribution, and pore morphology (such as pore shape, surface...
junctions, and other inhomogeneities, the bulk band structure is disrupted. Not only are there local small-scale disruptions (e.g., surface states or dopant...
been found to occur deep within the mantle of the Moon about 1,000 km below the surface. These occur with monthly periodicities and are related to tidal...
2016-05-16. Retrieved 2013-11-20. Ferreira, Becky (2021-06-23). "A Structure In Deep Space Is So Giant It's Challenging Standard Physics". Vice. Natalie...
cell structure which is responsible for some of its unique biological structuresand pathogenicity. Many structural features are unique to bacteria and are...
environment of the structure is mainly deep-water marine (i.e. continental rise) comprising coarser grained turbidity currents and related high-concentration...
Tookoonooka is a large meteorite impact structure (astrobleme) situated in South West Queensland, Australia. It lies deeply buried within Mesozoic sedimentary...
as "a base system that generates deepstructuresand a transformational system that maps these into surfacestructures", essentially a form of transformational...
tendons and ligaments. These structures are attached to the hip bones. These bones are the pubis, ilium and ischium. The interior surface of these pelvic...
and 20 kilometers (12 miles) in depth. It is the second largest confirmed impact structure on Earth, and the only one whose peak ring is intact and directly...
Surface reconstruction refers to the process by which atoms at the surface of a crystal assume a different structure than that of the bulk. Surface reconstructions...
both deepstructuresandsurfacestructures: Outward-facing surfacestructures relate phonetic rules into sound, while inward-facing deepstructures relate...
Offshore concrete structures, or concrete offshore structures, are structures built from reinforced concrete for use in the offshore marine environment...
changes the phonemes of a morpheme from its underlying form. Deepstructureandsurfacestructure Phonotactics Bromberger, Sylvain; Morris Halle (2006). "Phonology"...
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