Type II keratins (or Type II cytokeratins) constitutes the Type II intermediate filaments (IFs) of the intracytoplasmatic cytoskeleton, which is present in all mammalian epithelial cells. The type 2 cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral, high molecular weight proteins which in vivo are arranged in pairs of heterotypic Type I and Type II keratin chains, coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues.[1] It has been seen that Type II Keratins are developed before Type 1 keratins during human embryonic development.[2]
Type II cytokeratins are encoded on chromosome 12q and encompasses: CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4, CK5, CK6, CK7 and CK8. Their molecular weight ranges from 52 kDa (CK8) to 67 kDa (CK18).
Overall, keratin type 2 plays a crucial role in maintaining the strength and integrity of the skin, hair, and nails. Mutations in keratin genes can lead to various genetic disorders that affect these tissues, such as epidermolysis bullosa simplex, a rare condition characterized by blistering and erosion of the skin and mucous membranes.[3]
^Schweizer, Jürgen; Bowden, Paul E.; Coulombe, Pierre A.; Langbein, Lutz; Lane, E. Birgitte; Magin, Thomas M.; Maltais, Lois; Omary, M. Bishr; Parry, David A.D.; Rogers, Michael A.; Wright, Mathew W. (17 July 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". Journal of Cell Biology. 174 (2): 169–174. doi:10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177. PMID 16831889. Archived from the original on 2020-02-11. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
^Lu, Hong; Hesse, Michael; Peters, Bettina; Magin, Thomas M. (August 2005). "Type II keratins precede type I keratins during early embryonic development". European Journal of Cell Biology. 84 (8): 709–718. doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2005.04.001. ISSN 0171-9335. PMID 16180309.
^Moll, Roland; Divo, Markus; Langbein, Lutz (2008-06-01). "The human keratins: biology and pathology". Histochemistry and Cell Biology. 129 (6): 705–733. doi:10.1007/s00418-008-0435-6. ISSN 1432-119X. PMC 2386534. PMID 18461349.
TypeIIkeratins (or TypeII cytokeratins) constitutes the TypeII intermediate filaments (IFs) of the intracytoplasmatic cytoskeleton, which is present...
the type I keratins consist of acidic, low molecular weight proteins which in vivo are arranged in pairs of heterotypic Type I and TypeIIkeratin chains...
Keratin, typeII cytoskeletal 7 also known as cytokeratin-7 (CK-7) or keratin-7 (K7) or sarcolectin (SCL) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the...
Keratin (/ˈkɛrətɪn/) is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found...
Keratin 6A is one of the 27 different typeIIkeratins expressed in humans. Keratin 6A was the first typeIIkeratin sequence determined. Analysis of the...
Keratin 14 is a member of the type I keratin family of intermediate filament proteins. Keratin 14 was the first type I keratin sequence determined. Keratin...
between specific pairs of type I (acidic) and typeII (basic) keratin. K5, a typeIIkeratin, pairs with the type I keratin K14. The coiled-coil dimers...
Keratin 1 is a TypeII intermediate filament (IFs) of the intracytoplasmatic cytoskeleton. Is co-expressed with and binds to Keratin 10, a Type I keratin...
Japanese tank Type 2 Ka-Mi, a Japanese tank TypeIIkeratinTypeII error used in statistics for a "false negative" error TypeII lattice TypeII string theory...
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 4 also known as cytokeratin-4 (CK-4) or keratin-4 (K4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT4 gene. Keratin 4...
sequence homologies. These two groups of keratins were named as type I and typeIIkeratins. These two categories also represent the first two categories...
is encoded by the KRT19 gene. Keratin 19 is a type I keratin. Keratin 19 is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins...
Keratin 3 also known as cytokeratin 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT3 gene. Keratin 3 is a typeII cytokeratin. It is specifically...
Keratin 18 is a type I cytokeratin. It is, together with its filament partner keratin 8, perhaps the most commonly found products of the intermediate...
Keratin 16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT16 gene. Keratin 16 is a type I cytokeratin. It is paired with keratin 6 in a number of epithelial...
Keratin 2A also known as keratin 2E or keratin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT2A gene. Keratin 2A is a typeII cytokeratin. It is found...
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 10 also known as cytokeratin-10 (CK-10) or keratin-10 (K10) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT10 gene. Keratin...
Keratin, typeII cytoskeletal 78 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT78 gene. This gene is a member of the typeIIkeratin gene family and...
molecular alignment in the keratin structure and makes the chains form coiled dimers in solution. The end-domain sequences of type I and II cytokeratin chains...
Keratin 13 (or cytokeratin 13) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT13 gene. Keratin 13 is a type I cytokeratin, it is paired with keratin...
is a type I cytokeratin. It is well-expressed in the basal layer of complex epithelia. However, acral keratinocytes express little to no keratin 15. GRCh38:...
Keratin, typeII cytoskeletal 8 also known as cytokeratin-8 (CK-8) or keratin-8 (K8) is a keratin protein that is encoded in humans by the KRT8 gene....
Keratin 6C (protein name K6C; gene name KRT6C), is a typeII cytokeratin, one of a number of isoforms of keratin 6 encoded by separate genes located within...
epithelial keratins and hair keratins. This gene encodes a protein that is expressed in the inner root sheath of hair follicles. The typeIIkeratins are clustered...
As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with typeIIkeratins to form hair and nails. The type I hair keratins are clustered...
five genes that encode keratin proteins. Three keratin genes were identified to have a role PC in 1995 with a fourth keratin gene's role in PC identified...
KRT77 encodes keratin 77, a member of the typeIIkeratin family of intermediate filament proteins. Keratin 77 is also known as KRT1B, TypeII cytoskeletal...
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