"Bilharz" redirects here. For the lunar crater, see Bilharz (crater). For the eponymous disease, see Bilharzia.
Theodor Bilharz
Born
(1825-03-23)23 March 1825
Sigmaringen, Germany
Died
9 May 1862(1862-05-09) (aged 37)
Cairo, Egypt
Resting place
Old Cairo 30°01′N31°14′E / 30.017°N 31.233°E / 30.017; 31.233
Citizenship
German
Alma mater
University of Tübingen
Known for
Discovery of bilharzia and Schistosoma haematobium
Scientific career
Fields
Medicine; Parasitology
Institutions
University of Freiburg Qasr El Eyni Hospital
Author abbrev. (zoology)
Bilharz
Theodor Maximilian Bilharz (23 March 1825 – 9 May 1862) was a German physician who made pioneering discoveries in the field of parasitology. His contributions led to the foundation of tropical medicine.[1] He is best remembered as the discoverer of the blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium, the causative parasite of bloody urine (haematuria) known since ancient times in Egypt. The parasite, as the cause of bladder cancer, is declared by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as Group 1 carcinogen. The infection is known by an eponymous term bilharzia or bilharziasis, as well as by schistosomiasis.
Bilharz was born and educated in Sigmaringen, Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Germany. After graduating in natural science and philosophy from the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in 1845, he earned a medical degree from the University of Tübingen in 1849. In 1850, he followed his former teacher Wilhelm Griesinger to Egypt to work at the Qasr El Eyni Hospital in Cairo. He became the first autopsy performer there. From autopsies of children, he observed a variety of helminth parasites and discovered the tapeworm Hymenolepis nana and the flatworm Heterophyes heterophyes in 1851. Early in that year he found a male worm from a dead soldier. As a novel worm with two mouth-like suckers, he named it Distomum haematobium, the description of which was published by his mentor Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold in 1852. He further discovered that it was the eggs and not the flukes that caused the disease. He also unknowingly discovered another related blood fluke, later identified as Schistosoma mansoni, the most prevalent human helminth.[2]
While he was professor of anatomy at the Qasr El Eyni Medical School (now part of the University of Cairo), he contracted typhoid fever or typhus at Massawa during an expedition organised by Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He died of it at age 37. The United Arab Republic established Theodor Bilharz Research Institute in his honour in 1962.
^Schadewaldt, H. (1962). "Theodor BILHARZ (1825-1862), one of the founders of German tropical medicine research". Munchener Medizinische Wochenschrift. 104: 1730–1734. ISSN 0027-2973. PMID 13976588.
^Chitsulo, L.; Engels, D.; Montresor, A.; Savioli, L. (2000). "The global status of schistosomiasis and its control". Acta Tropica. 77 (1): 41–51. doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(00)00122-4. PMC 5633072. PMID 10996119.
Theodor Maximilian Bilharz (23 March 1825 – 9 May 1862) was a German physician who made pioneering discoveries in the field of parasitology. His contributions...
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bilharzia or bilharziosis in many countries, after German physician TheodorBilharz, who first described the cause of urinary schistosomiasis in 1851....
His scientific accomplishments included (in 1851) collaborating with TheodorBilharz on the first description of the blood-fluke Schistosoma haematobium...
half an inch long in the intestine chiefly through the labours of TheodorBilharz and Griesinger in Egypt (1854). The symptoms can be linked to inflammation...
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is treated with praziquantel. S. mansoni was first noted by Theodor Maximillian Bilharz in Egypt in 1851, while discovering S. haematobium. Sir Patrick...
(El-Demerdash Hospital) Kasr El Aini Hospital National Cancer Institute Egypt TheodorBilharz Research Institute Souaad Kafafi University Hospital, Misr University...
Wilhelm Griesinger as the director. In 1851, Griesinger's assistant TheodorBilharz discovered the first known blood flukes, Schistosoma haematobium and...
reproductive systems). The eggs of these parasites were first described by TheodorBilharz, a German pathologist working in Egypt in 1851 who found the eggs during...
disease-ridden "coffin ships". Typhus Canada, United States 1851 Discovery TheodorBilharz discovers the parasite responsible for schistosomiasis. During an autopsy...
by Polish Foreign Ministry for contribution to world medicine 2013 TheodorBilharz Research Institute Awards of the Czech Medical Society-Purkynie Medal...
have studied or taught at the University of Freiburg: Ludwig Aschoff, TheodorBilharz, Vincenz Czerny, Karl Herxheimer, Adolph Kussmaul, Paul Langerhans...
been reported. The eggs of these parasites were first seen by Theodor Maximilian Bilharz, a German pathologist working in Egypt in 1851 who found the eggs...
caused by schistosomiasis infection. Schistosomiasis 1851 Discovery TheodorBilharz discovers the parasite responsible for schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis...
that caused urinary bilharziasia was discovered by a German physician TheodorBilharz in 1851. Louis Westenra Sambon gave the name of the second species...
the time), Schistosoma haematobium, discovered by a German physician TheodorBilharz in 1852, then known as Bilharzia haematobium or Distomum haematobium...
Bárány, student (Nobel Prize 1914, Physiology or Medicine) Erwin Baur TheodorBilharz Korbinian Brodmann Vincenz Czerny Heinrich Anton de Bary Paul du Bois-Reymond...
carcinogenic parasite discovered was Schistosoma haematobium. Theodor Maximillian Bilharz, a German physician at the Kasr el-Aini Hospital in Cairo recovered...
heterophyes, or the intestinal fish fluke, was discovered by Theodor Maximaillian Bilharz in 1851. This parasite was found during an autopsy of an Egyptian...
research of Egyptian chlorosis conducted by Wilhelm Griesinger, Theodor Maximilian Bilharz and Franz Ignaz Pruner, as well as in Otto Eduard Heinrich Wucherer's...
1859 – 30 May 1859 Joseph Kohl, 1 July 1859 – 7 February 1882 Oskar Anton Bilharz, 7 February 1882 – 20 June 1885 Jérôme Mohsen, 20 June 1885 – 20 June 1885...
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