"Moresnet" redirects here. For other uses, see Moresnet (disambiguation).
Neutral Moresnet[1]
Neutraal Moresnet(Dutch)
Moresnet Neutre(French)
Neutral-Moresnet(German)
Neutraal Moresent(Limburgish)
Neŭtrala Moresnet(Esperanto)
1816–1921
Flag
Coat of arms (1908)
Anthem: The Amikejo-March[2][3] (Marche Amikejo[4])
Dutch Province of Limburg (1)
Belgian Liège Province (2)
Neutral Moresnet (3)
Prussian Rhine Province (4)
Status
Neutral zone
Capital
Kelmis
Languages
Dutch
French
German
Low Dietsch dialect of Limburgish[5]
Esperanto (from 1908)
Demonym(s)
Moresnetic
Government
Condominium sui iuris
Mayor
• 1817–1859 (first)
Arnold de Lasaulx
• 1918–1921 (last)
Pierre Grignard
Historical era
Late modern
• Aachen Agreement
26 June 1816
• Prussian annexation
27 June 1915
• Treaty of Versailles
28 June 1919
• Belgian annexation
10 January 1921
Area
• Total
3.5 km2 (1.4 sq mi)
Population
• 1900
3,000
• 1914
3,500
Currency
French franc
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of France
Belgium
Today part of
Belgium
Neutral Moresnet (French pronunciation:[mɔʁɛsnɛt],[6][mɔʁɛsnɛ],[7]German pronunciation:[ˈmɔʁəsnɛt], [ˌmɔʁəsˈnɛt]) was a small Belgian–Prussian condominium in western Europe that existed from 1816 to 1921 and was administered jointly by the United Kingdom of the Netherlands (Belgium after its independence in 1830) and the Kingdom of Prussia. It was 1.5 kilometres (1 mi) wide and five kilometres (3 mi) long, with an area of 360 hectares (900 acres). After 1830, the territory's northernmost border point at Vaalserberg connected it to a quadripoint shared additionally with the Dutch Province of Limburg, the Prussian Rhine Province, and the Belgian Liège Province.[8] Its former location is represented presently by the Three-Country Point, the meeting place of the borders of Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands.
During the First World War, Neutral Moresnet was annexed by Germany, although the allies did not recognise the annexation. The armistice between France and Germany in November 1918 forced Germany to withdraw from Belgium and Neutral Moresnet. A year later, the Treaty of Versailles awarded Neutral Moresnet to Belgium, effective 10 January 1921, when the territory was annexed by Belgium to become the municipality of Kelmis.
During World War II, Kelmis and the area surrounding was again annexed by Germany and had its name reverted to Moresnet, but the territory was returned to Belgium during 1944.
^Neutral-Moresnet Archive
^Avez-vous déjà entendu parler de Moresnet ?
^Het absurde verhaal van Neutraal Moresnet
^le lieu de l'amitié
^Van Reybrouck, David (2018). Zink. De Bezige Bij. ISBN 9789403105604. Taal? Geen. Duits, Frans en Kelmeser Platt dooreen, iets tussen Plattdütsch en Limburgs in. [Language? None. A mix of German, French and Kelmeser Platt, which is somewhere between Low German and Limburgish]
^"Plombières : visite du Viaduc de Moresnet par les écoles.x". Télé Vesdre. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
^Max Mangold (2005). Das Aussprachewörterbuch. Mannheim/Zürich: Dudenverlag, p. 564.
^Martin, Lawrence; Reed, John (2006). The Treaties of Peace, 1919–1923. Vol. 1. Lawbook Exchange. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-58477-708-3. LCCN 2006005097. Neutral Moresnet, added to this map as an independent country, is a mile [1.6 km] wide and 3 miles [4.8 km] long. It is so small that it has never been shown on maps of Europe as a whole. It has an area of 900 acres [360 ha] and about 3500 people . . .
NeutralMoresnet (French pronunciation: [mɔʁɛsnɛt], [mɔʁɛsnɛ], German pronunciation: [ˈmɔʁəsnɛt], [ˌmɔʁəsˈnɛt]) was a small Belgian–Prussian condominium...
vergessene europäische Kleinstaat Neutral-Moresnet" [Galmei and Esperanto – The almost forgotten European microstate NeutralMoresnet] (PDF) (in German). SWR2...
Between 1830 and 1919, the summit was a quadripoint, also bordering NeutralMoresnet, which is now part of Belgium's German-speaking area. The current Belgian-German...
was Mayor of NeutralMoresnet, a small neutral territory, from 20 June 1885 until 15 March 1915. Schmetz became mayor of NeutralMoresnet on 20 June 1885...
proper, Hergenrath, and Neu-Moresnet. The territory around the Vieille Montagne zinc mine in Kelmis was NeutralMoresnet, a neutral condominium of the Netherlands...
Grignard was a Belgian politician who served as the last Mayor of NeutralMoresnet from 1918 until 1921, when the territory was dissolved and annexed...
(in Lithuanian). 5 June 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2018. Dröge, Philip, Moresnet, Unieboek, Antwerp, Belgium, March 2016 Article from The Economist, 24...
Prussian-Belgian condominium of NeutralMoresnet, known as "Amikejo" (place of friendship). What became of it is unclear, and NeutralMoresnet was annexed to Belgium...
List of countries by population Microstates and the United Nations NeutralMoresnet Warrington, Edward (June 1994). "Lilliput Revisited". Asian Journal...
Kyll (1876–1956) was a German politician who served as the Mayor of NeutralMoresnet from 29 March 1915 until 7 December 1918. Wilhelm Kyll was town clerk...
other, that resulted in a piece of land that became the territory of NeutralMoresnet. After he developed an original refining process, Belgian industrialist...
was Mayor of NeutralMoresnet, a small neutral territory, from 7 February 1882 until 20 June 1885. Bilharz became mayor of NeutralMoresnet on 7 February...
Joseph Kohl was Mayor of NeutralMoresnet, a small neutral territory, from 1 July 1859 until 7 February 1882. "Belgium". www.worldstatesmen.org. v t e...
History of Esperanto "Neutral-Moresnet History 1916–1919". moresnet.nl. Retrieved 17 July 2016. "Stamps and postal history". moresnet.nl. Archived from the...
House of France. Met with opposition, Napoleon would not tolerate any neutral power. On 6 August 1806 the Habsburgs abdicated their title of Holy Roman...
Prussia/Germany, the Netherlands, and Moresnet at Vaalserberg. Moresnet was never truly a country but rather only a neutral territory or condominium of the...
until its independence in 1878 with Russian support Moresnet 1816 1919 Belgium In 1816 NeutralMoresnet became a territory under common administration of...
W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-1324073697 2016, essay "Zink" about NeutralMoresnet. 47 pages. ISBN 9789059653597 2020, Revolusi - Indonesië en het ontstaan...
Pennsylvania. Free State of Bottleneck Gore (surveying) Mason–Dixon line NeutralMoresnet Delaware-Maryland-Pennsylvania Tri-State Marker Soniak, Matt (February...
Netherlands (1813–1815) United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1839) NeutralMoresnet (1816–1920) Duchy of Pomerania (1121–1160, 1264–1295, 1478–1531, 1625–1637)...
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