Symmetrical voice, also known as Austronesian alignment, the Philippine-type voice system or the Austronesian focus system, is a typologically unusual kind of morphosyntactic alignment in which "one argument can be marked as having a special relationship to the verb".[1] This special relationship manifests itself as a voice affix on the verb that corresponds to the syntactic role of a noun within the clause, that is either marked for a particular grammatical case or is found in a privileged structural position within the clause or both.
Symmetrical voice is best known from the languages of the Philippines, but is also found in Taiwan's Formosan languages, as well as in Borneo, Northern Sulawesi, and Madagascar, and has been reconstructed for the ancestral Proto-Austronesian language.[2]
^Blust (2013), p. 436.
^Beguš, Gašper. (2016). "The Origins of the Voice/Focus System in Austronesian". Presented at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (BLS42).
Symmetricalvoice, also known as Austronesian alignment, the Philippine-type voice system or the Austronesian focus system, is a typologically unusual...
of a verb to encode information about some or all of grammatical mood, voice, tense, aspect, person, grammatical gender and number. In a fusional language...
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Indonesia. Totoli has a symmetricalvoice system. In the examples below, i Winarno mongusut kunji motorna is an actor voice construction, while kunji...
National University. hdl:1885/145782. McDonnell, Bradley James (2016). SymmetricalVoice Constructions in Besemah: A Usage-based Approach (PhD thesis). University...
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"passive" voice because the speaker can choose to use either one rather like active and passive voice in English. However, because they are not true voice, terms...
abbreviations are, however, commonly used as the basis for glosses for symmetricalvoice systems (formerly called 'trigger' agreement, and by some still 'focus'...
Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); in the perfective aspect of transitive verbs (in active voice), the subject takes ergative case and the direct object takes an unmarked...
but do inflect for tense, mood, voice and aspect. Formosan languages are unusual in their use of the symmetricalvoice, in which a noun is marked with...
differentiations in its third person morphology. Ainu also shows the passive voice formation typical of nominative-accusative languages and the antipassive...
62% have the voicing contrast in stops but only 35% have this in fricatives. In the vast majority of those cases, the absence of voicing contrast occurs...
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