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Swedish intervention in the Winter War information


Swedish Intervention in the Winter War
Part of Winter War and World War II
Swedish soldiers inspecting a destroyed Soviet tank
Swedish soldiers inspecting a disabled enemy tank
Date12 January – 13 March 1940
(2 months and 1 day)
Location
Eastern Finland
Result End of the Winter War with the Moscow Peace Treaty
Territorial
changes		 Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands, Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla, and Rybachy Peninsula, and rental of Hanko to the Soviet Union
Belligerents
Swedish intervention in the Winter War Sweden
Swedish intervention in the Winter War Finland
Swedish intervention in the Winter War Denmark
Swedish intervention in the Winter War Norway

Minor support from:
Swedish intervention in the Winter War France
Hungary Hungary
Swedish intervention in the Winter War Italy
Swedish intervention in the Winter War United Kingdom		 Swedish intervention in the Winter War Soviet Union
Swedish intervention in the Winter War Terijoki Government
Commanders and leaders
Sweden Ernst Linder
Finland Carl Gustaf Mannerheim
Finland Kurt Martti Wallenius
Finland Voldemar Oinonen		 Soviet Union Joseph Stalin
Soviet Union Kirill Meretskov
Soviet Union Kliment Voroshilov
Soviet Union Semyon Timoshenko[5]
Strength

10,397 men: Sweden 8,402
Denmark 1,010
Norway 895
Finland 13 tanks
Sweden 26 aircraft

Multiple Finnish army battalions		 20,000-30,000 men
58 tanks
29 aircraft in combat
Casualties and losses

523:
245 killed
250 wounded
28 captured
6 fighters lost

Specific casualties
  • Swedish:
  • 23 killed on ground
  • 39 wounded on ground
  • 7 captured on ground
  • 140 disabled due to frostbite
  • 2 pilots killed
  • 3 fighters shot down
  • 3 fighters crashed
  • Finnish:
  • 187 killed at Salla
  • 33 killed at Honkaniemi
  • 211 wounded at Salla
  • 111 wounded at Honkaniemi
  • 30 missing at Honkaniemi
  • 21 captured at Salla
  • 6 tanks at Honkaniemi
891:
640 killed
203 wounded
48 missing
9 tanks
4 fighters shot down
2 fighters damaged
6 bombers shot down
2 bombers damaged
7 more aircraft shot down
8 more aircraft damaged

The Swedish Intervention in the Winter War was a short-lived but successful attempt by the Swedish Volunteer Corps, along with other Nordic volunteers, to prevent a Soviet invasion of Finland during the Winter War. The volunteers only engaged in a few skirmishes on ground and in the air, the only major battles they participated in being the battles of Salla and Honkaniemi. The term "volunteers" have often been used to describe the Nordic military support for Finland in the Winter War, although involvement by the government of Sweden has been debated over time. Nevertheless, the Swedish military sent enormous amounts of aid to Finland, including:

  • Approximately 2,000,000,000 SEK (US$ ~312,658,890) of financial aid - twice the size of the Finnish defense budget at the time
  • 50,013,300 rounds of small arms ammunition
  • 135,402 rifles
  • 450 light machine guns
  • 347 machine guns
  • 301,846 artillery shells
  • 144 field guns
  • 92 anti-armor guns
  • 100 anti-aircraft guns
  • 300 sea mines
  • 500 depth charges
  • 83 motorcycles
  • 83 cars
  • 350 trucks
  • 13 tractors
  • 17 fighter aircraft
  • 5 light bombers
  • 1 transport aircraft
  • 3 reconnaissance aircraft
  1. ^ Edwards (2006), p. 93
  2. ^ Edwards (2006), p. 125
  3. ^ Manninen (2008), p. 14
  4. ^ Trotter (2002), p. 204
  5. ^ Commander of the Leningrad Military District Kiril Meretskov initially ran the overall operation against the Finns.[1] The command was passed on 9 December 1939 to the General Staff Supreme Command (later known as Stavka), directly under Kliment Voroshilov (chairman), Nikolai Kuznetsov, Joseph Stalin and Boris Shaposhnikov.[2][3] In January 1940, the Leningrad Military District was reformed and renamed "North-Western Front." Semyon Timoshenko was chosen Army Commander to break the Mannerheim Line.[4]

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