Figure 1. Motor Cortex of the Monkey Brain: Pictured above are the approximate locations of the SEF and FEF in the monkey brain which we know today.
Supplementary eye field (SEF) is the name for the anatomical area of the dorsal medial frontal lobe of the primate cerebral cortex that is indirectly involved in the control of saccadic eye movements. Evidence for a supplementary eye field was first shown by Schlag, and Schlag-Rey.[1] Current research strives to explore the SEF's contribution to visual search and its role in visual salience.[2][3] The SEF constitutes together with the frontal eye fields (FEF), the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and the superior colliculus (SC) one of the most important brain areas involved in the generation and control of eye movements, particularly in the direction contralateral to their location.[2][4] Its precise function is not yet fully known.[2] Neural recordings in the SEF show signals related to both vision and saccades somewhat like the frontal eye fields and superior colliculus, but currently most investigators think that the SEF has a special role in high level aspects of saccade control, like complex spatial transformations,[5] learned transformations,[6] and executive cognitive functions.[7][8]
^Schlag J, Schlag-Rey M.(1987) Evidence for a supplementary eye field. J Neurophysiol. 57(1):179-200.
^ abcPurcell, B. A., Weigand, P. K., & Schall, J. D. (2012). Supplementary Eye Field during Visual Search: Salience, Cognitive Control, and Performance Monitoring. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(30), 10273-10285. doi: Doi 10.1523/Jneurosci.6386-11.2012
^Stuphorn V, Brown JW, Schall JD. Role of Supplementary Eye Field in Saccade Initiation: Executive, Not Direct, Control. J
Neurophysiol. Feb 2010;103(2):801-816
^Emeric, E. E., Leslie, M., Pouget, P., & Schall, J. D. (2010). Performance monitoring local field potentials in the medial frontal cortex of primates: supplementary eye field. Journal of neurophysiology, 104(3), 1523-1537.
^Olson CR, Gettner SN. (1995) Object-centered direction selectivity in the macaque supplementary eye field. Science. 269(5226):985-8.
^Chen LL, Wise SP. (1995) Neuronal activity in the supplementary eye field during acquisition of conditional oculomotor associations. J Neurophysiol. 73(3):1101-21.
^Stuphorn V, Schall JD. (2006) Executive control of countermanding saccades by the supplementary eye field. Nat Neurosci. 9(7):925-31.
^Husain, M., Parton, A., Hodgson, T. L., Mort, D., & Rees, G. (2002). Self-control during response conflict by human supplementary eye field. Nature neuroscience, 6(2), 117-118.
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