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Sukjong of Goryeo 고려 숙종 高麗 肅宗
King of Goryeo
Reign
1095–1105
Coronation
1095 Junggwang Hall, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Predecessor
Heonjong of Goryeo
Successor
Yejong of Goryeo
Born
Wang Hui 2 September 1054 Yeonhwa Palace, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Died
10 November 1105 (aged 51) Outside Jangpyeong Gate, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Burial
Yeongneung (영릉, 英陵)
Queen Consort
Queen Myeongui
(before 1079)
Issue
Sons: Wang U Wang Pil Wang Jing-eom Wang Bo Wang Hyo Wang Seo Wang Gyo
Great King Munhye Gangjeong Myeonghyo 문혜강정명효대왕 (文惠康正明孝大王)
Temple name
Sukjong (숙종, 肅宗)
House
Wang
Dynasty
Goryeo
Father
Munjong of Goryeo
Mother
Queen Inye
Korean name
Hangul
숙종
Hanja
肅宗
Revised Romanization
Sukjong
McCune–Reischauer
Sukchong
Birth name
Hangul
왕희, later 왕옹
Hanja
王熙, later 王顒
Revised Romanization
Wang Hui, later Wang Ong
McCune–Reischauer
Wang Hŭi, later Wang Ong
Courtesy name
Hangul
천상
Hanja
天常
Revised Romanization
Cheonsang
McCune–Reischauer
Ch'ŏnsang
Posthumous name
Hangul
명효대왕
Hanja
明孝大王
Revised Romanization
Myeonghyo Daewang
McCune–Reischauer
Myŏnghyo Taewang
Sukjong of Goryeo (2 September 1054 – 10 November 1105) (r. 1095–1105), personal name Wang Ong, was the 15th king of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.
Sukjong rose to the throne in 1095 upon the abdication of his young nephew, King Heonjong.[1] He oversaw various internal innovations, including the distribution of the country's first brass coins (in 1102) and the construction of the new Southern Capital (Namgyeong, present-day Seoul).[2]
However, he was also faced by threats from without, most notably an 1104 invasion by the northern Jurchen tribes. Unable to repel the Jurchens by force, he sent his general Yun Kwan to raise an army and repulse them.[3] This army is known as Byeolmuban and consisted of three separate divisions. Sukjong died the following year, while on the way to the western capital, Pyongyang. Challenges of Sukjong's reign can be summarized in his own words:[4]
Since I was entrusted with the affairs of the state, I have always endeavoured to cautiously maintain diplomatic ties with Liao in the north and serve the Song in the south, while these days the Jurchen in the east have become enemies to be reckoned with. Making the people comfortable is the first imperative of military and political affairs, so all unnecessary corvée duties must be abolished in order for the people to live comfortably!
^박, 종기 (February 21, 2003). "[帝王들의 성공학] 고려 숙종…지지받지 못한 개혁". Chosun Ilbo. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
^김, 세희 (April 13, 2023). "[김세희의 정치사기] 고려 숙종의 남경천도와 정치권의 예타면제". Retrieved 26 January 2024.
^Kim, Nak Jin (2017). "Goryeo's Conquest of the Jurchen and Tactical Systems of Byeolmuban during the Reign of Sukjong and Yejong". Kookmin University Institute of Korean Studies. 4. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
^R. E. Breuker, Establishing a Pluralist Society in Medieval Korea, 918–1170: History, Ideology and Identity in the Koryŏ Dynasty, (Brill, Leiden, 2010), p.252
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