This article is about the 11th monarch during the Goryeo Dynasty in Korea. For the 5th Korean monarch during the Joseon Dynasty, see Munjong of Joseon.
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Munjong of Goryeo 고려 문종 高麗 文宗
King of Goryeo
Reign
1046–1083
Coronation
1046 Junggwang Hall, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Predecessor
Jeongjong of Goryeo
Successor
Sunjong of Goryeo
Born
Wang Hwi 29 December 1019 Anbok Palace, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Died
2 September 1083 (aged 63) Junggwang Hall, Gaegyeong, Goryeo
Burial
Gyeongneung (경릉, 景陵)
Queen Consort
Queen Inpyeong
Queen Inye
(before 1047)
Consort
Princess Suryeong
Princess Sunggyeong
(before 1082)
Princess Sunghwa
(m. 1049–1083)
Issue
Sons: Wang Hun Wang Un Wang Ong Wang Hu Wang Su Wang Taeng Wang Bi Wang Eum Wang Chim Wang Gyeong Wang Do Wang Su Wang Yu
Daughters: Princess Jeokgyeong Princess Boryeong
Posthumous name
Great King Gangjeong Myeongdae Jangseong Inhyo 강정명대장성인효대왕 (剛定明大章聖仁孝大王)
Temple name
Munjong (문종, 文宗)
House
Wang
Dynasty
Goryeo
Father
Hyeonjong of Goryeo
Mother
Queen Wonhye
Korean name
Hangul
문종
Hanja
文宗
Revised Romanization
Munjong
McCune–Reischauer
Munjong
Birth name
Hangul
왕휘
Hanja
王徽
Revised Romanization
Wang Hwi
McCune–Reischauer
Wang Hwi
Courtesy name
Hangul
촉유
Hanja
燭幽
Revised Romanization
Chogyu
McCune–Reischauer
Ch'ogyu
Posthumous name
Hangul
인효대왕
Hanja
仁孝大王
Revised Romanization
Inhyo Daewang
McCune–Reischauer
Inhyo Taewang
Munjong of Goryeo (29 December 1019 – 2 September 1083), personal name Wang Hwi, was the 11th monarch of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.
King Munjong was born in 1019 and reigned from 1046 until his death in 1083. During his reign, the central government of Goryeo gained complete authority and power over local lords.[1] Munjong, and later kings, emphasized the importance of civilian leadership over the military. Munjong expanded Korea's borders northward to the Yalu and Tumen Rivers and built many forts to guard the northern border.[1]
Munjong's fourth son, Uicheon (born 1055), became a Buddhist priest who founded the Cheontae as an independent school of Buddhism. During Munjong's reign, academic physician officers (hallimuigwan) first appeared in Goryeo, and Goryeo's medicinal exams were often used as a pathway by the commoners for societal advancement.[2] Additionally, during Munjong's reign many Chinese medicine books entered Goryeo through the Song Dynasty of China.[3]
^ ab박, 기현 (November 5, 2022). "[성공한 군주들로부터 배우는 역사의 교훈 '제왕의 리더십'] (10) 고려 문종, 균형 잡힌 외교감각으로 통합의 리더십 보여주다". Baccro News. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
^Lee, Kyung Lock (December 19, 2015). "History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea's Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)". Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professionals. 12: 19. doi:10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.19. PMC 4536363. PMID 26008917.
^Lee, Kyung Lock (December 19, 2015). "History of the medical licensing examination (uieop) in Korea's Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392)". Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professionals. 12: 19. doi:10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.19. PMC 4536363. PMID 26008917.
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