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Stratum corneum
Histologic image of human epidermis in thick skin
Details
Identifiers
Latin
stratum corneum epidermidis
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
Sampling of human stratum corneum using a tape-stripping method[1]
The stratum corneum (Latin for 'horny layer') is the outermost layer of the epidermis. Consisting of dead tissue, it protects underlying tissue from infection, dehydration, chemicals and mechanical stress. It is composed of 15–20 layers of flattened cells with no nuclei and cell organelles.
Among its properties are mechanical shear, impact resistance, water flux and hydration regulation, microbial proliferation and invasion regulation, initiation of inflammation through cytokine activation and dendritic cell activity, and selective permeability to exclude toxins, irritants, and allergens.[2] The cytoplasm of its cells shows filamentous keratin. These corneocytes are embedded in a lipid matrix composed of ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids.[3]
Desquamation is the process of cell shedding from the surface of the stratum corneum, balancing proliferating keratinocytes that form in the stratum basale. These cells migrate through the epidermis towards the surface in a journey that takes approximately fourteen days.[4]
^Sadowski T, Klose C, Gerl MJ, Wójcik-Maciejewicz A, Herzog R, Simons K, Reich A, Surma MA (2017). "Large-scale human skin lipidomics by quantitative, high-throughput shotgun mass spectrometry". Scientific Reports. 7: 43761. Bibcode:2017NatSR...743761S. doi:10.1038/srep43761. PMC 5339821. PMID 28266621.
^Del Rosso, James Q.; Levin, Jacqueline (2011). "The Clinical Relevance of Maintaining the Functional Integrity of the Stratum Corneum in both Healthy and Disease-affected Skin". The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 4 (9): 22–42. ISSN 1941-2789. PMC 3175800. PMID 21938268.
^Mitra, Ashim K.; Kwatra, Deep; Vadlapudi, Aswani Dutt (2015). Drug Delivery. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 285–286. ISBN 978-1-284-02568-2.
^Ovaere P; Lippens S; Vandenabeele P; Declercq W. (2009). "The emerging roles of serine protease cascades in the epidermis". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 34 (9): 453–463. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2009.08.001. PMID 19726197.
The stratumcorneum (Latin for 'horny layer') is the outermost layer of the epidermis. Consisting of dead tissue, it protects underlying tissue from infection...
the hands and the soles of the feet. Located between the stratum granulosum and stratumcorneum layers, it is composed of three to five layers of dead,...
to journey from the stratum basale to the top of the stratum granulosum, and an additional four weeks to cross the stratumcorneum. The entire epidermis...
The stratum granulosum (or granular layer) is a thin layer of cells in the epidermis lying above the stratum spinosum and below the stratumcorneum (stratum...
from outside to inside, into the stratumcorneum, viable epidermis, dermis, and underlying hypodermis. The stratumcorneum is typically 10–20 μm thick and...
break down into four to five layers: the stratumcorneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale. Where the skin is thicker, such as...
the stratumcorneum, and evokes an inflammatory response in susceptible people which disturbs homeostasis and results in erratic cleavage of stratum corneum...
of keratinization characterized by the retention of nuclei in the stratumcorneum. In mucous membranes, parakeratosis is normal. In the skin, this process...
week of gestation, periderm cells are being shed and replaced with stratumcorneum; these shedding mix with secretions of sebum by the sebaceous glands...
difficult to penetrate. The stratumcorneum provides the most significant barrier to diffusion. In fact, the stratumcorneum is the barrier to approximately...
of the stratified squamous epithelial surface is named the stratumcorneum. Stratumcorneum is made up of squamous cells which are keratinized and dead...
are terminally differentiated keratinocytes and compose most of the stratumcorneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis. They are regularly replaced...
identical to those formed by human stratumcorneum lipids. The incorporation of bound water into the stratumcorneum involves the formation of multilamellar...
Stratumcorneum chymotryptic enzyme (EC 3.4.21.117, kallikrein 7, SCCE, KLK7, PRSS6, hK7) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction...
Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the stratumcorneum (the outermost layer of the epidermis, or skin), often associated with the presence of an abnormal...
mechanism by which this lipid regulates apoptosis remains elusive. The stratumcorneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis. It is composed of terminally...
granules discharge their contents in the junction between stratum granulosum and stratumcorneum cell layers and form the barrier. At the same time, the...
layer): StratumcorneumStratum lucidum (only in palms and soles) Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale (also called the stratum germinativum)...
cells that die and slough off from the stratumcorneum. Under the stratus corneum is the stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum. The cells of the vaginal...
epithelium with several strata: the stratumcorneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale. Nourishment is provided to...
exposed after top layers of the epidermis (stratumcorneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale) have been removed. This is often uncomfortable...
epithelium with several strata: the stratumcorneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale. Nourishment is provided to...
protoplasm of living cells. Eleidin is then converted to keratin in the stratumcorneum. Eleidin can be found in the vermilion border of the lip. The lip is...
secreted by the stratum granulosum just underneath, which help to make this layer of the skin a waterproof barrier. The stratumcorneum's function is to...
monomers at the transition between the stratum granulosum and the stratumcorneum, which may be facilitated by calcium-dependent enzymes. Filaggrin is...
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