Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ADP-glucose and a chain of D-glucose residues joined by 1,4-alpha-glycosidic bonds, whereas its two products are ADP and an elongated chain of glucose residues. Plants use these enzymes in the biosynthesis of starch.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hexosyltransferases, specifically the glycosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ADP-glucose:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include ADP-glucose-starch glucosyltransferase, adenosine diphosphate glucose-starch glucosyltransferase, adenosine diphosphoglucose-starch glucosyltransferase, ADP-glucose starch synthase, ADP-glucose synthase, ADP-glucose transglucosylase, ADP-glucose-starch glucosyltransferase, ADPG starch synthetase, and ADPG-starch glucosyltransferase
Five isoforms seems to be present. GBSS which is linked to amylose synthesis. The others are SS1, SS2, SS3 and SS4. These have different roles in amylopectin synthesis. New work implies that SS4 is important for granule initiation. (Szydlowski et al., 2011)
In enzymology, a starchsynthase (EC 2.4.1.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ADP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n ⇌ {\displaystyle...
adenylyltransferase. This step requires energy in the form of ATP. A number of starchsynthases available in plastids then adds the ADP-glucose via α-1,4-glycosidic...
Glycogen synthase (UDP-glucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase) is a key enzyme in glycogenesis, the conversion of glucose into glycogen. It is a glycosyltransferase...
of starchsynthase genes. Gelatinization temperature also depends on the amount of damaged starch granules; these will swell faster. Damaged starch can...
for starch biosynthesis start to be transcribed at the same time as sucrose synthase activity begins. This transcription – including starchsynthase – also...
have identified the Granule Bound StarchSynthase (GBSS) as the enzyme that specifically elongates amylose during starch biosynthesis in plants. The waxy...
namely granule bound starchsynthase. This resulting potato almost exclusively produces amylopectin, and thus is more useful for the starch industry. Regular...
September 2016. Peralta, I. E.; Spooner, D. M. (2001). "Granule-bound starchsynthase (GBSSI) gene phylogeny of wild tomatoes (Solanum L. section Lycopersicon...
locus Wx codes for a specific starch granule-bound enzyme, NDP-glucose-starch glucosyltransferase. This specific starchsynthase enzyme is responsible for...
Dietary fiber consists of non-starch polysaccharides and other plant components such as cellulose, resistant starch, resistant dextrins, inulin, lignins...
participates in starch and sucrose metabolism. Zheng, Yi; Spencer, A.; Zhang, Y.; Garavito, R.M. (24 August 2011). "The Structure of Sucrose Synthase-1 from Arabidopsis...
linear to highly branched. Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch, glycogen and galactogen and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose...
for α(1→4)-glycosidic bonds present in starch and glycogen. Cellulose is a straight chain polymer. Unlike starch, no coiling or branching occurs and the...
shape of the organelle. Starch granules are simply accumulations of starch in the stroma, and are not bounded by a membrane. Starch granules appear and grow...
analogue of starch, a glucose polymer that functions as energy storage in plants. It has a structure similar to amylopectin (a component of starch), but is...
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSK3A gene. Glycogen synthase kinase 3-alpha EC 2.7.1.37 is a multifunctional...
component cytoplasm Biological process positive regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process glucose...
Global Information
