Soap scum or lime soap is the white solid composed of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and similar alkaline earth metal derivatives of fatty acids. These materials result from the addition of soap and other anionic surfactants to hard water. Hard water contains calcium and magnesium ions, which react with the surfactant anion to give these metallic or lime soaps.[1]
2 C17H35COO−Na+ + Ca2+ → (C17H35COO)2Ca + 2 Na+
In this reaction, the sodium cation in soap is replaced by calcium to form calcium stearate.
Lime soaps build deposits on fibres, washing machines, and sinks. Synthetic surfactants are less susceptible to the effects of hard water. Most detergents contain builders that prevent the formation of lime soaps.
^Angelo Nora, Alfred Szczepanek, Gunther Koenen (2005). "Metallic Soaps". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_361. ISBN 978-3527306732.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Soapscum or lime soap is the white solid composed of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and similar alkaline earth metal derivatives of fatty acids...
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by soap and hard water, magnesium stearate and calcium stearate both form a white solid insoluble in water, and are collectively known as soapscum. Magnesium...
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common soap does not work as well as potassium-based soap in hard water where calcium replaces the sodium, making residual insoluble "scum" due to the...
It is also the main component of soapscum, a white solid that forms when soap is mixed with hard water. Unlike soaps containing sodium and potassium,...
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windows, and Treasury doorway at Canterbury. Soapscum forms when calcium cations from hard water combine with soap, which would dissolve in soft water. This...
lime soap dispersant) prevents or reduces deposits on the bath tub at and below the water level [citation needed] (called "bathtub ring" and soapscum, respectively)...
salts upon reacting with soap, leaving a coating of insoluble stearates on tub and shower surfaces, commonly called soapscum. The most common means for...
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clarifiers also have skimmers to simultaneously remove floating grease such as soapscum and solids such as feathers, wood chips, or condoms. Containers like the...
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soils such as grease and mud. Acids break down soils such as lime scale, soapscum, and stains of mustard, coffee, tea, and alcoholic beverages. Some solvent-based...
addition of water softeners to washing powders to inhibit the formation of soapscum provides an example of practical importance. The determination of solubility...
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