Language composed of vocabulary common to northern Indian languages, used in Sikh scripture
Sant Bhasha
ਸੰਤ-ਭਾਸ਼ਾ
Painting of Guru Arjan being fanned with a book before him. The Sikh gurus employed the Sant Bhasha language for their poetic compositions in the Sikh scriptures
Region
Indian subcontinent
Era
Medieval-period to present-day
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Sant Bhasha
Early forms
Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Proto-Indo-Aryan
Vedic Sanskrit
Classical Sanskrit
debated Prakrit[a][1]
debated Apabhraṃśa
Old Punjabi[2][3][4][5][6][7]
Writing system
Gurmukhi (including Anandpur Lipi)
Sources
Punjabi and its dialects, Lahnda, Saraiki (specifically Multani), regional Prakrits, Apabhramsa, Sanskrit, Hindustani languages (Braj, Kauravi, Bangru, Awadhi, Old Hindi, Deccani), Bhojpuri, Sindhi, Marathi, Marwari, Bengali, Persian, and Arabic[8][9][10][11][12]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
–
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Sant Bhasha (ਸੰਤ-ਭਾਸ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi); Sant Bhāṣā; meaning "language of saints") is a liturgical and scriptural language composed of vocabulary common to northern Indian languages, which was extensively used by saints and poets to compose religious verses.[13][14] It can be understood by readers with a background in either Punjabi, Hindi-Urdu and its dialects.[citation needed]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Singh, Sikander (April 2019). "The Origin Theories of Punjabi Language: A Context of Historiography of Punjabi Language". International Journal of Sikh Studies.
^Haldar, Gopal (2000). Languages of India. New Delhi: National Book Trust, India. p. 149. ISBN 9788123729367. The age of Old Punjabi: up to 1600 A.D. […] It is said that evidence of Old Punjabi can be found in the Granth Sahib.
^Bhatia, Tej K. (2013). Punjabi: A Cognitive-Descriptive Grammar (Reprint ed.). London: Routledge. p. XXV. ISBN 9781136894602. As an independent language Punjabi has gone through the following three stages of development: Old Punjabi (10th to 16th century). Medieval Punjabi (16th to 19th century), and Modern Punjabi (19th century to Present).
^Christopher Shackle; Arvind Mandair (2013). "0.2.1 – Form". Teachings of the Sikh Gurus : selections from the Scriptures (First ed.). Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 9781136451089. Surpassing them all in the frequent subtlety of his linguistic choices, including the use of dialect forms as well as of frequent loanwords from Sanskrit and Persian, Guru Nanak combined this poetic language of the Sants with his native Old Punjabi. It is this mixture of Old Punjabi and old Hindi which constitutes the core idiom of all the earlier Gurus.
^Frawley, William (2003). International encyclopedia of linguistics (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 423. ISBN 9780195139778.
^Austin, Peter (2008). One thousand languages : living, endangered, and lost. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 115. ISBN 9780520255609.
^Braj B. Kachru; Yamuna Kachru; S. N. Sridhar (2008). Language in South Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 411. ISBN 9781139465502.
^Mansukhani, Gobind Singh (1998). Introduction to Sikhism : 125 basic questions and answers on Sikh religion and history. New Delhi: Hemkunt Press. p. 12. ISBN 9788170101819.
^Dhillon, Dalbir Singh (1988). Sikhism, Origin and Development. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. pp. 307–308.
^Kohli, Surindar Singh (1993). History of Punjabi literature. Delhi: National Book Shop. pp. 24, 48. ISBN 9788171161416.
^Johar, Surinder Singh (1999). Guru Gobind Singh : a multi-faceted personality. New Delhi: M.D. Publications. p. 56. ISBN 9788175330931.
^Sukhbir Singh Kapoor; Mohinder Kaur Kapoor. Dasam Granth: An Introductory Study. Hemkunt Press. p. 39. ISBN 9788170103257.
^Singh, Khushwant (1991). A history of the Sikhs: Vol. 1. 1469-1839. Oxford University Press. p. 298. Retrieved 17 December 2011.
^Textual sources for the study of Sikhism. W. H. McLeod. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1990. p. 5. ISBN 0-226-56085-6. OCLC 22243489.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
SantBhasha (ਸੰਤ-ਭਾਸ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi); Sant Bhāṣā; meaning "language of saints") is a liturgical and scriptural language composed of vocabulary common to...
various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title SantBhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and...
and Arabic. Copies in these languages often have the generic title of SantBhasha. The Guru Granth Sahib was composed predominantly by six Sikh gurus:...
label the language employed by the Sikh gurus in their compositions is SantBhasha, a composite literary language of North India that borrows vocabulary...
historically served as a lingua franca throughout the majority of India. SantBhasha (lit. Saint language) was a medieval lingua franca in northern India...
329 (2011) Himachal Pradesh 79,896 (2011) Languages Sacred language SantBhasha Ethnic language Punjabi and its dialects Code language Khalsa bole Other...
Christians) of Japan, who recite it without understanding the language. SantBhasha, a mélange of archaic Punjabi and several other languages, is the language...
written in north Indian Indo-Aryan languages (mixture of Punjabi and SantBhasha, Sanskrit with influences of Persian) which have no neutral gender. English...
is close to classical with words and compounds drawn from Sanskrit, Brij Bhasha, Arabic and Urdu. The contents of Jaap Sahib, are divided into various Chhands...
JSTOR 4412102. Singh Khalsa, Sant. "Sri Guru Granth Sahib Translation, p. 2". Srigranth.org. Retrieved 10 January 2017. Singh Khalsa, Sant. "Sri Guru Granth Sahib...
written in north Indian Indo-Aryan languages (mixture of Punjabi and SantBhasha, Sanskrit with influences of Persian) which have no neutral gender. English...
written in north Indian Indo-Aryan languages (mixture of Punjabi and SantBhasha, Sanskrit with influences of Persian) which have no neutral gender. From...
freedom of conscience and religion, with members expressing the qualities of a Sant-Sipāhī ('saint-soldier'). The Sikh community may be seen to correspond to...
had employed 52 poets, who translated several classical texts into Braj Bhasha. Most of the writing compiled at Paonta Sahib was lost while the Guru's...
Sarbloh Granth manuscript Information Religion Sikhism Author Guru Gobind Singh (disputed) Language SantBhasha (mainly influenced by Braj) Chapters 5...
the supervision of Guru Arjan, ca.1604 Information Religion Sikhism Author Disputed Language SantBhasha Verses twelve verses running into sixty lines...
Dass of Dera Sach Khand. The holy book's completion was announced by the Sant Samaj and by Dera Sach Khand at Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan on 30 January...
use of this term, or the identity of the languages which it covers. SantBhasha Hindi Literature Amiya Dev; Sisir Kumar Das (1989). Comparative literature:...
the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughals. The language of the Sikh gurus (SantBhasha) incorporated Persian, and some of their works were done entirely in...
populations Dhaka Chittagong Mymensingh Scriptures Guru Granth Sahib Languages SantBhasha (sacred) Punjabi (cultural) Bengali (national) Hindi • Urdu...
Collection Script type Abugida Time period 1670's–Unknown Languages SantBhasha Related scripts Parent systems Egyptian Proto-Sinaitic Phoenician Aramaic...
which is the Islamic script for Punjabi (used in Punjab, Pakistan). SantBhasha Ragi — Sikh musician who performs hymns Sikhism and sexual orientation...
a Ḍhāṛhī. Surdas's poetry was written in a dialect of Hindi called Braj Bhasha, until then considered to be a very plebeian language, as the prevalent...
including Khari boli and Brij Bhasha. In the rest of lower Doab, various mixes of western and Eastern Hindi (Brij Bhasha/ Bundelkhandi and Awadhi) are...
written in north Indian Indo-Aryan languages (mixture of Punjabi and SantBhasha, Sanskrit with influences of Persian) which have no neutral gender. English...
spelling, Hita Harivaṃśa, 1473 CE–1552 CE) is a Braj-language bhakti poet-sant and the founder of Radha Vallabh Sampradaya. His principal work is the hymnal...
Giani Sant Singh, his association can be seen to fall under the Giānīan Bungā, a learning institution beginning from Bhai Mani Singh. Giani Sant Singh...
Pradesh. The first Brij Bhasha movie was Brij Bhoomi (1982, Shiv Kumar), which was a success throughout the country. Later Brij Bhasha cinema saw the production...
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