Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound
Safrole is an organic compound with the formula CH2O2C6H3CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless oily liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. A member of the phenylpropanoid family of natural products, it is found in sassafras plants, among others. Small amounts are found in a wide variety of plants, where it functions as a natural antifeedant.[3]Ocotea pretiosa,[4] which grows in Brazil, and Sassafras albidum,[3] which grows in eastern North America, are the main natural sources of safrole. It has a characteristic "sweet-shop" aroma.
It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide, the fragrance piperonal via isosafrole, and the empathogenic/entactogenic substance MDMA.
^Merck Index (11th ed.). 8287.
^Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-15.
^ abKamdem, Donatien; Gage, Douglas (2007). "Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from the Root Bark of Sassafras albidum". Planta Medica. 61 (6): 574–5. doi:10.1055/s-2006-959379. PMID 8824955.
^Hickey, Michael J. (1948). "Investigation of the chemical constituents of Brazilian sassafras oil". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 13 (3): 443–6. doi:10.1021/jo01161a020. PMID 18863852.
Safrole is an organic compound with the formula CH2O2C6H3CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless oily liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. A member...
common use is to add vanilla ice cream to make a root beer float. Since safrole, a key component of sassafras, was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration...
oil," which contains safrole, is generally a byproduct of camphor production in Asia or comes from related trees in Brazil. Safrole is a precursor for the...
Some small mammals also consume sassafras fruits. Sassafras oil contains safrole, which may have a carcinogenic effect. All parts of sassafras plants, including...
pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. It is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole and is produced from the condensation of the sodium salt of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)...
suggestions on legal plant sources of important drug precursors such as safrole. Through PIHKAL (and later TIHKAL), Shulgin sought to ensure that his discoveries...
Boronia safrolifera, commonly known as safrole boronia, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect, woody shrub...
turn is generally synthesized from piperonal, safrole or isosafrole. One method is to isomerize safrole to isosafrole in the presence of a strong base...
representation) of many phenylpropanoids. Prominent allylbenzenes include eugenol, safrole, and many others. "Allylbenzene". Hassam, Mohammad; Taher, Abu; Arnott...
the oil's flavor is safrole, but it is no longer used in either the United States or Canada. Both nations banned the use of safrole as a food additive...
also derived from the monolignols. Examples include eugenol, chavicol, safrole, and estragole. These compounds are the primary constituents of various...
called chemotypes, which are camphor, linalool, 1,8-cineole, nerolidol, safrole, and borneol. In China, field workers avoid mixing chemotypes when harvesting...
artificially rather than from the plant itself, in part because during the 1960s, safrole, the major component of the volatile oil of sassafras, was found to be...
Piper auritum contains a relatively high concentration of hepatotoxic safrole, around 70%. A few of the other 40 constituents occurring in minor quantities...
has high antioxidant activity. Low safrole clonal selections are grown in plantations for commercial use, as safrole is considered a low-risk toxin. Used...
1'-sulfoxy metabolite formation for apiole (3,4-OMe-safrole) is about 1/3 as active as safrole. No carcinogenicity was detected with parsley apiol or...
or eyes. Examples: Arsenic Beryllium Bromethalin Chloroform Cyanamide Safrole Toluene Xylene Ziram Some of the above examples are subject to exceptions...
essential oils, but is most commonly obtained by isomerizing the plant oil safrole. It exists as two geometric isomers, cis-isosafrole and trans-isosafrole...
example safrole, which occurs in sassafras and sweet basil. Even these substances are covered by the Delaney clause, so that, for example, safrole may not...
synthetic cherry flavoring. Due to their role in the manufacture of MDMA, safrole, isosafrole, and piperonal are Category I precursors under regulation no...
contains significant proportions (up to around 10%) of myristicin, elemicin, safrole, and dillapiol, as well as some apiole (around 1.4%).[citation needed]...
of betel leaf varies geographically and is mostly chavibetol dominant. Safrole is a major component of Sri Lankan Piper betle. Eugenol, isoeugenol, and...
various phenolic compounds and aromatic ethers, e.g. myristicin, elemicin, safrole, and methyl eugenol. The phenolic fraction is considered main contributor...
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