Not to be confused with either rubeola or rubella, which are also viral diseases with comparable features, or rosacea, a skin condition.
Medical condition
Roseola
Other names
Exanthema subitum,[1] roseola infantum,[1] sixth disease,[1] baby measles, rose rash of infants, three-day fever
Roseola on a 21-month-old girl, displaying characteristic rash
Specialty
Infectious disease
Symptoms
Fever followed by rash[1]
Complications
Febrile seizures[1]
Usual onset
Before the age of three[1]
Duration
Few days[2]
Causes
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) or human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7)[1]
Diagnostic method
Typically based on symptoms[1]
Differential diagnosis
Measles, rubella, scarlet fever[1]
Treatment
Supportive care[1]
Prognosis
Generally good[1]
Roseola, also known as sixth disease, is an infectious disease caused by certain types of human herpes viruses.[2] Most infections occur before the age of three.[1] Symptoms vary from absent to the classic presentation of a fever of rapid onset followed by a rash.[1][2] The fever generally lasts for three to five days, while the rash is generally pink and lasts for less than three days.[1] Complications may include febrile seizures, with serious complications being rare.[1][2]
It is caused by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6A, HHV-6B) or human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7).[1] Spread is usually through the saliva of those who are otherwise healthy.[1][2] However, it may also spread from the mother to baby during pregnancy.[1] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and does not need to be confirmed with blood tests (PCR or antigen).[1] Low numbers of white blood cells may also be present.[1]
Treatment includes sufficient fluids and medications to treat the fever.[1] Nearly all people are infected at some point in time.[2] Males and females are affected equally often.[1] The disease may reactivate in those with a weakened immune system and may result in significant health problems.[2]
The disease was first described in 1910 while the causal virus was determined in 1988.[1] The name "sixth disease" comes from its place on the standard list of rash-causing childhood diseases, which also includes measles (first), scarlet fever (second), rubella (third), Dukes' disease (fourth, but is no longer widely accepted as distinct from scarlet fever), and erythema infectiosum (fifth).[3]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwStone, RC; Micali, GA; Schwartz, RA (April 2014). "Roseola infantum and its causal human herpesviruses". International Journal of Dermatology. 53 (4): 397–403. doi:10.1111/ijd.12310. PMID 24673253. S2CID 2652000.
^Feder, Henry M.; Grant-Kels, Jane M. (2008), Schlossberg, David (ed.), "Classic Viral Exanthems", Clinical Infectious Disease, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 135–140, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511722240.020, ISBN 978-0-511-72224-0, retrieved 2022-01-04
Roseola, also known as sixth disease, is an infectious disease caused by certain types of human herpes viruses. Most infections occur before the age of...
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Epidendroideae, tribe Epidendreae, subtribe Laeliinae. The only species, Acrorchis roseola, is an epiphytic orchid that occurs in Costa Rica and Panama at heights...
Leurolepas roseola is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets. McLean J.H...
Tallorbis roseola is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. The height of the shell attains 11.5 mm...
Acanthothecis roseola is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new...
Drillia roseola is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae. The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 31 mm...
Psidopala roseola is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Werny in 1966. It is found in Shaanxi, China. Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching...
Restrepia roseola, the rosy restrepia, is a species of orchid endemic to Venezuela. Media related to Restrepia roseola at Wikimedia Commons Data related...
but is no longer widely accepted as distinct from scarlet fever), and roseola (sixth). Treatment is mostly supportive. Fifth disease starts with a low-grade...
Society. Primary Care Dermatology Society. Retrieved 16 December 2022. "Roseola Glossary of Terms with Definitions on MedicineNet.com". Archived from the...
Chaenopsis roseola, the flecked pikeblenny, is a species of chaenopsid blenny found around the United States in the western Atlantic ocean. It can reach...
Punctelia roseola is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists...
genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: HHV-6: sixth disease (roseola infantum, exanthema subitum); HHV-7: symptoms analog to the 'sixth disease'...
Janthina janthina is a species of holoplanktonic sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Epitoniidae. Its common names include violet sea-snail...
(HHV-5): congenital CMV infection; HHV-6: 'sixth disease' (also known as roseola infantum or exanthem subitum); HHV-7: symptoms analogous to the 'sixth...
cause of the common childhood illness exanthema subitum (also known as roseola infantum or sixth disease). It is passed on from child to child. It is...
and English measles. Both rubella, also known as German measles, and roseola are different diseases caused by unrelated viruses. Measles is an airborne...
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