Theocratic organizational structure in ancient Israelite society
For other uses of Qahal and similar spellings, see Kahal (disambiguation).
The qahal (Hebrew: קהל), sometimes spelled kahal, was a theocratic organizational structure in ancient Israelite society according to the Hebrew Bible,[1] and an Ashkenazi Jewish system of a self-governing community or kehila from medieval Christian Europe (France, Germany, Italy). This was adopted in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (16th–18th centuries) and its successor states, with an elected council of laymen, the kahal, at the helm of each kehila.[2] This institution was exported also further to the east as Jewish settlement advanced.[2] In Poland it was abolished in 1822,[2] and in most of the Russian Empire in 1844.[3]
^This article incorporates text from the 1903 Encyclopaedia Biblica article "assembly", a publication now in the public domain. See columns 345-6.
^ abcRabinovitch, Simon (2016) [2014]. "Self-Government and Autonomy in Jewish History: An Overview". Jewish Rights, National Rites: Nationalism and Autonomy in Late Imperial and Revolutionary Russia. Stanford Studies in Jewish History and Culture. Stanford University Press. pp. 23–29. ISBN 978-0804793032. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
^Lederhendler, Eli (2008). The Decline of the Polish-Lithuanian Kahal (Summary). Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-1-904-11378-2. Retrieved 30 November 2021 – via Cambridge University Press website. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
The qahal (Hebrew: קהל), sometimes spelled kahal, was a theocratic organizational structure in ancient Israelite society according to the Hebrew Bible...
the Russian Orthodox Church. He advanced conspiracy theories against the Qahal and the Talmud. Brafman's works The Local and Universal Jewish Brotherhoods...
agents of the local qahal and consequently converted to the Russian Orthodox Church and authored polemics against the Talmud and the qahal. Brafman claimed...
communal-administration autonomy to the Jews and laid the foundation for the power of the Qahal, or autonomous Jewish community. This period led to the creation of a proverb...
the Middle Ages, some Ashkenazi Jewish communities were governed by qahal. The qahal had regulatory control over Jewish communities in a given region; they...
Sephardi Jews and Romaniote Jews generally use the term kal (from the Hebrew qahal "community"). Spanish and Portuguese Jews call the synagogue an esnoga and...
localized citizen gathering to address issues of importance to the community Qahal, or assembly, an Israelite organizational structure People's Assembly (disambiguation)...
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debated is the use of ἐκκλησία ekklēsía as a translation for the Hebrew קָהָל qāhāl. Old Testament scholar James Barr has been critical of etymological arguments...
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internally by local administrative bodies, called the Councils of Elders (Qahal, Kehilla), constituted in every town or hamlet possessing a Jewish population...
German merchants, artisans, Jews (since the 14th century; later had their qahal until 1845) and the Tartars (since 1397) also settled down in Vilnius. In...
and Chaldee Dictionary of the Old Testament, 6950. קהל qahal, to convoke, assemble, gather. Qahal is the root of the word Qoheleth (Greek Ecclesiastes)...
Bessarabia's autonomy was removed in 1828, Poland's in 1830 and the Jewish Qahal was abolished in 1843. As an exception to this trend, Finland was able to...
nominated by the government, and assisted by a council of notables (gdolei ha-qahal) made up of the most educated and wealthy family heads. The chief's functions...
the age limit was 12–25, and it was left to the discretion of the Jewish qahal to choose conscripts from whatever age they decided. Thus in practice, Jewish...
Hellenistic era the word Kiništu was used and it found an equivalent in the word Qāhāl in other ancient languages. H. Zimmern noted that the Babylonian New Year...
substantially restrict the freedoms of the magnates, abolish the Jewish Qahal, end the autonomy of the Russian Jewish community, and resettle Russian...
qahal qadosh Qatalà yashán ve-jadash asher be-irenu zot Saloniqi. This edition was published by Yitsjaq Amariliyo. In 1869 the Majzor ke-minhag qahal...
ecumenical Christian network to promote a more active and God-centered faith Qahal or Ekklesia, a theocratic organisational structure in ancient Israelite...