A pulsar timing array (PTA) is a set of galactic pulsars that is monitored and analysed to search for correlated signatures in the pulse arrival times on Earth. As such, they are galactic-sized detectors. Although there are many applications for pulsar timing arrays, the best known is the use of an array of millisecond pulsars to detect and analyse long-wavelength (i.e., low-frequency) gravitational wave background. Such a detection would entail a detailed measurement of a gravitational wave (GW) signature, like the GW-induced quadrupolar correlation[clarify] between arrival times of pulses emitted by different millisecond pulsar pairings that depends only on the pairings' angular separations in the sky. Larger arrays may be better for GW detection because the quadrupolar spatial correlations induced by GWs can be better sampled by many more pulsar pairings. With such a GW detection, millisecond pulsar timing arrays would open a new low-frequency window in gravitational-wave astronomy to peer into potential ancient astrophysical sources and early Universe processes, inaccessible by any other means.[1][2]
^Lommen, Andrea N (13 November 2015). "Pulsar timing arrays: the promise of gravitational wave detection". Reports on Progress in Physics. 78 (12): 124901. Bibcode:2015RPPh...78l4901L. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/78/12/124901. PMID 26564968. S2CID 42813343.
^O'Callaghan, Jonathan (4 August 2023). "A Background 'Hum' Pervades the Universe. Scientists Are Racing to Find Its Source - Astronomers are now seeking to pinpoint the origins of an exciting new form of gravitational waves that was announced earlier this year". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 4 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023. Astronomers are now seeking to pinpoint the origins of an exciting new form of gravitational waves that was announced earlier this year.
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Kramer, M.; Lam, M. T.; et al. (2020). "A pulsar-based time-scale from the International PulsarTimingArray". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical...
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