Series of 13th-century campaigns of Roman Catholic crusaders
Prussian Crusade
Part of the Northern Crusades
Map of the Prussian clans in the 13th century.
Date
1217–1274
Location
Modern-day Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia and northeastern Poland
Result
Crusader victory
Territorial changes
Teutonic Knights gain control of Prussia
Belligerents
Crusaders:
Teutonic Order
Order of Dobrin
Duchy of Masovia
Kingdom of Poland
Holy Roman Empire
Kingdom of Bohemia
Duchy of Silesia
Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Margraviate of Brandenburg
Margraviate of Meissen
Margraviate of Lusatia
Landgraviate of Thuringia
Duchy of Austria
Margraviate of Moravia
Duchy of Saxony
Principality of Anhalt
County of Mark
County of Jülich
Burgraviate of Magdeburg
County of Regenstein
County of Schwarzburg
County of Habsburg
Duchy of Pomerania (turned)
Duchy of Pomerelia
Duchy of Gdańsk
Duchy of Świecie and Lubiszewo
Duchy of Lubiszewo
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
Order of Calatrava
other guest crusaders, especially from the HRE
Baltic pagans:
Prussians
Bartians
Galindians
Natangians
Nadruvians
Pomesanians
Pogesanians
Sambians
Warmians
Yotvingians (Sudovians)
Skalvians
Allies of Prussians:
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Duchy of Pomerania
Commanders and leaders
Hermann von Salza
Hermann Balk
Konrad von Thuringen
Gerhard von Malberg
Hartmann von Heldrungen
Marshal Heinrich Botel
Master Brunon
Konrad of Masovia
Henry II the Pious
Leszek II the Black
Henry the Bearded
Ladislaus Odonic
Ottokar II of Bohemia
Bruno of Olmütz
Otto the Child
Albert the Tall
Otto III of Brandenburg
Henry III of Meissen
Engelbert of the Mark
William IV of Jülich
Friedrich of Anhalt
Burchard of Magdeburg
Henry of Schwarzburg
Rudolf of Habsburg
Swietopelk II of Pomerania (turned)
Warcisław of Świecie
Sambor II of Pomerania
Daniel of Galicia
Herkus Monte
Skomantas of Sudovia
Diwanus of Bartia
Glande of Sambia
Glappo of Warmia
Auctume of Pogesania
Pepin of Pomesania
Allies of Prussians:
Mindaugas
Traidenis
Swietopelk II
The Prussian Crusade was a series of 13th-century campaigns of Roman Catholic crusaders, primarily led by the Teutonic Knights, to Christianize under duress the pagan Old Prussians. Invited after earlier unsuccessful expeditions against the Prussians by Christian Polish kings, the Teutonic Knights began campaigning against the Prussians, Lithuanians and Samogitians in 1230. By the end of the century, having quelled several Prussian uprisings, the Knights had established control over Prussia and administered the conquered Prussians through their monastic state, eventually erasing the Prussian language, culture and pre-Christian religion by a combination of physical and ideological force. Some Prussians took refuge in neighboring Lithuania.
The PrussianCrusade was a series of 13th-century campaigns of Roman Catholic crusaders, primarily led by the Teutonic Knights, to Christianize under...
the PrussianCrusade. The crusading military order, supported by the Popes and Christian Europe, sought to conquer and convert the pagan Prussians. In...
most notable campaigns were the Livonian and Prussiancrusades. Some of these wars were called crusades during the Middle Ages, but others, including...
another crusade and for help from the Teutonic Knights. As a result, several edicts called for crusades against the Old Prussians. The crusades, involving...
Old Prussians, Baltic Prussians or simply Prussians were a Baltic people that inhabited the region of Prussia, on the southeastern shore of the Baltic...
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tribes—Curonians, Semigallians, Latgalians, Selonians, and Old Prussians—in the Livonian Crusade and PrussianCrusade. The first raid against the Lithuanians and Samogitians...
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Capetians. Other competing crusades included the PrussianCrusade, a Livonian Crusade against the Curonians, and a proposed crusade to protect Constantinople...
Dobrzyń in 1228. He then called for another PrussianCrusade, and was again defeated. In view of an imminent Prussian invasion, Konrad supposedly signed the...
Roman Catholicism. The conquest of Sambia during the PrussianCrusade was delayed by the First Prussian Uprising that broke out in 1242. The uprising technically...
Alexander's successor, taking the name Urban IV. He was experienced in the PrussianCrusades, having helped negotiate the Treaty of Christburg in 1249. He was...
preached by Innocent IV in conjunction with a crusade against emperor Frederick II, the Prussiancrusades and Mongol incursions. At the end of 1244, Louis...
I of Masovia launched the PrussianCrusade, a joint invasion of Prussia intended to Christianize the Baltic Old Prussians. The Knights had quickly taken...
leader of Sambians, one of the Prussian clans, during the Great Prussian Uprising (1260–1274) against the papal crusades undertaken by the Teutonic Knights...
The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church...
and the Pomesanians in the Prussiancrusade. The Teutonic Knights, along with some crusaders, defeated the Old Prussians, which allowed them to continue...
Austria. Subsequently, King Ottokar II led the two crusade expeditions against the pagan Old Prussians (1254–1255 and 1268). Königsberg (now Kaliningrad...
was formed in the aftermath of the Livonian Crusade, PrussianCrusade and in general the Northern Crusades in the territories of East Prussia, Pomeralia...
rivers Alle and Neman became almost uninhabited during the 13th-century PrussianCrusade and wars between the pagan Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic...
count Otto von Botenlauben on the Crusade of 1197 and witnessed the coronation of King Amalric II of Jerusalem. The crusade was aborted upon the death of...
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