This article is about the biotechnological method. For the natural process in cells, see Gene expression.
Central dogma depicting transcription from DNA code to RNA code to the proteins in the second step covering the production of protein.
Protein production is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism such that it expresses large amounts of a recombinant gene. This includes the transcription of the recombinant DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA), the translation of mRNA into polypeptide chains, which are ultimately folded into functional proteins and may be targeted to specific subcellular or extracellular locations.[1]
Protein production systems (also known as expression systems) are used in the life sciences, biotechnology, and medicine. Molecular biology research uses numerous proteins and enzymes, many of which are from expression systems; particularly DNA polymerase for PCR, reverse transcriptase for RNA analysis, restriction endonucleases for cloning, and to make proteins that are screened in drug discovery as biological targets or as potential drugs themselves. There are also significant applications for expression systems in industrial fermentation, notably the production of biopharmaceuticals such as human insulin to treat diabetes, and to manufacture enzymes.
^Gräslund S, Nordlund P, Weigelt J, Hallberg BM, Bray J, Gileadi O, et al. (February 2008). "Protein production and purification". Nature Methods. 5 (2): 135–46. doi:10.1038/nmeth.f.202. PMC 3178102. PMID 18235434.
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Proteinproduction is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in...
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