1 December 1521(1521-12-01) (aged 45) Rome, Papal States
Buried
Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Rome
Previous post(s)
Abbot Ordinary of Montecassino (1486–1504)
Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria in Domnica (1492–1513)
Apostolic Administrator of Pesaro (1503–1504)
Apostolic Administrator of Amalfi (1510–1513)
Signature
Coat of arms
Other popes named Leo
Ordination history of Pope Leo X
History
Priestly ordination
Date
15 March 1513
Episcopal consecration
Consecrated by
Raffaele Sansone Riario
Date
17 March 1513
Cardinalate
Elevated by
Innocent VIII
Date
9 March 1489 in pectore (revealed: 23 March 1492)
Episcopal succession
Bishops consecrated by Pope Leo X as principal consecrator
Lorenzo Pucci
13 December 1513
Baltasar del Río
22 October 1515
Pedro de Urieta
29 October 1516
Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
21 December 1517
Ferdinando Ponzetti
21 December 1517
Pope Leo X (Italian: Leone X; born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death, in December 1521.[2]
Born into the prominent political and banking Medici family of Florence, Giovanni was the second son of Lorenzo de' Medici, ruler of the Florentine Republic, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1489. Following the death of Pope Julius II, Giovanni was elected pope after securing the backing of the younger members of the College of Cardinals. Early on in his rule he oversaw the closing sessions of the Fifth Council of the Lateran, but struggled to implement the reforms agreed. In 1517 he led a costly war that succeeded in securing his nephew Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici as Duke of Urbino, but reduced papal finances.
In Protestant circles, Leo is associated with granting indulgences for those who donated to reconstruct St. Peter's Basilica, a practice that was soon challenged by Martin Luther's 95 Theses. Leo rejected the Protestant Reformation, and his Papal bull of 1520, Exsurge Domine, condemned Luther's condemnatory stance, rendering ongoing communication difficult.
He borrowed and spent money without circumspection and was a significant patron of the arts. Under his reign, Marco Girolamo Vida began composing at the Pope's request a Virgilian Latin epic poem about the life of Jesus called the Christiad, progress was made on the rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica, and artists such as Raphael decorated the Vatican rooms. Leo also reorganised the Roman University, and promoted Renaissance humanist study of literature, poetry, and Classics. He died in 1521 and is buried in Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Rome. He was the last pope not to have been in priestly orders at the time of his election to the papacy.
^Alberigo, Giuseppe (1960). "Leone X, papa". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Vol. 2. Istituto Treccani.
PopeLeoX (Italian: Leone X; born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the...
cadet branch of the House of Medici. He was also the great-nephew of PopeLeoX. Ottaviano died early in his son’s life, and thereafter Alessandro was...
(847–855) PopeLeo V (903) PopeLeo VI (928) PopeLeo VII (936–939) PopeLeo VIII (964–965) PopeLeo IX (1049–1054) PopeLeoX (1513–1521) PopeLeo XI (1605)...
statesman. He had served with distinction as chief advisor to PopeLeoX (1513–1521, his cousin), Pope Adrian VI (1522–1523), and commendably as gran maestro...
the kingdoms of Aragon and Castile. PopeLeoX made him a cardinal in 1517 and after Leo's death he was elected pope in 1522 as a compromise candidate....
(1464–1471) Pope Sixtus IV (1471–1484) Pope Innocent VIII (1484–1492) Pope Alexander VI (1492–1503) Pope Pius III (1503) Pope Julius II (1503–1513) PopeLeoX (1513–1521)...
Pope Clement X (Latin: Clemens X; Italian: Clemente X; 13 July 1590 – 22 July 1676), born Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, was head of the Catholic Church...
PopeLeo III (died 12 June 816) was bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 26 December 795 to his death. Protected by Charlemagne from the supporters...
1526 under the protection of the new Pope Clement VII, a cousin of LeoX who replaced Adrian. According to Leo, he completed his manuscript on African...
the family continued for decades including the Medici papacies of PopeLeoX and Pope Clement VII. Despite pauses and turbulence in the relationship between...
Pope Pius X (Italian: Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death...
indulgences in Ninety-five Theses, which he authored in 1517. In 1520, PopeLeoX demanded that Luther renounce all of his writings, and when Luther refused...
Raphael changed the painting to resemble the new pope, LeoX. LeoX appears both as cardinal and as pope. The images of Saint Peter and Saint Paul appear...
produced four popes of the Catholic Church—PopeLeoX (1513–1521), Pope Clement VII (1523–1534), Pope Pius IV (1559–1565) and PopeLeo XI (1605)—and two...
PopeLeoX (1513–1521), a spendthrift member of the Medici family who once spent 1/7 of his predecessors' reserves on a single ceremony.: 218 Pope Clement...
brother Giovanni, who would go on to become PopeLeoX, and his cousin Giulio, who would later become Pope Clement VII.: 7 Piero was educated to succeed...
PopeLeo XIII (Italian: Leone XIII; born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20...
Clement II, Pope Damasus II, PopeLeo IX, Pope Victor II, and Pope Benedict XVI) 5 from the Byzantine Empire in modern-day Syria (Pope Anicetus, Pope John V...
PopeLeo XII (Italian: Leone XII), born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiorre Girolamo Nicola della Genga (pronunciation; 2 August 1760 – 10 February...
There were four popes who were related to the Medici. PopeLeoX (December 11, 1475 – December 1, 1521), born Giovanni de' Medici, was pope from 1513 to...
PopeLeo IV (790 – 17 July 855) was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 10 April 847 to his death. He is remembered for repairing Roman...
and serving valiantly in military combat under his third cousins, PopeLeoX and Pope Clement VII, in the War of Urbino and the War of the League of Cognac...
PopeLeo VI (880 – 12 February 929) was the bishop of Rome and nominal ruler of the Papal States for just over seven months, from June 928 to his death...
the best known, and probably least accurate, is by Peter Paul Rubens. PopeLeoX is quoted as saying, "This man will never accomplish anything! He thinks...
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