A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structures. In biology, the polyphosphate esters ADP and ATP are involved in energy storage. A variety of polyphosphates find application in mineral sequestration in municipal waters, generally being present at 1 to 5 ppm.[1] GTP, CTP, and UTP are also nucleotides important in the protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, respectively.
Polyphosphates are also used as food additives, marked E452.
^Jessen, Henning J.; Dürr-Mayer, Tobias; Haa, Thomas M.; Ripp, Alexander; Cummins, Christopher C. (2021). "Lost in Condensation: Poly-, Cyclo-, and Ultraphosphates". Accounts of Chemical Research. 54 (21): 4036–4050. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00370. PMID 34648267. S2CID 238989161.
A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms...
Ammonium polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching. Its chemical formula is...
inorganic compound with formula Na5P3O10. It is the sodium salt of the polyphosphate penta-anion, which is the conjugate base of triphosphoric acid. It is...
enzymology, a polyphosphate kinase (EC 2.7.4.1), or polyphosphate polymerase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of polyphosphate from ATP, with...
is a phosphatase enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate, a linear molecule composed of up to 1000 or more monomers linked by...
forms families or condensed anions including di-, tri-, tetra-, and polyphosphates. Most of these salts are known in both anhydrous (water-free) and hydrated...
negative charge. Branched polyphosphoric acids give similarly branched polyphosphate anions. The simplest example of this is triphosphono phosphate [OP(OPO3)3]9−...
reaction polyphosphate + n H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (n+1) oligophosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are polyphosphate and H2O...
Inositol polyphosphate kinase (IPK) is a family of enzymes that have a similar 3-dimensional structure. All members of the family catalyze the transfer...
essential to all cells and some 300 enzymes. Magnesium ions interact with polyphosphate compounds such as ATP, DNA, and RNA. Hundreds of enzymes require magnesium...
Gemmatimonas aurantiaca is a Gram-negative, aerobic, polyphosphate-accumulating micro-organism. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped aerobe, with type strain...
salt converts to diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4. Ammonium polyphosphate Monoammonium phosphate Diammonium phosphate Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook...
inositol hexaphosphate, inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) or inositol polyphosphate. At physiological pH, the phosphates are partially ionized, resulting...
"phytates". Inositol, phosphatidylinositol and some of their mono- and polyphosphates function as secondary messengers in a number of intracellular signal...
clandestine use has continued (such as in 2008). The legal replacement is polyphosphate, which provides a similar effect without the toxicity of borax. Food...
the concentration of ions, osmoregulation, storing amino acids and polyphosphate and degradative processes. Toxic ions, such as strontium (Sr2+ ), cobalt(II)...
LD50. It was proposed that increased synthesis of (p)ppGpp would cause polyphosphate (PolyP) accumulation in E. coli. The alarmone could interact with exopolyphosphatase...
chemistry. Pyrophosphate is the first member of an entire series of polyphosphates. The anion P2O4−7 is abbreviated PPi, standing for inorganic pyrophosphate...
CaZn13. Calcium is readily complexed by oxygen chelates such as EDTA and polyphosphates, which are useful in analytic chemistry and removing calcium ions from...
phosphorylation of organic compounds and condensation of phosphate to polyphosphate. Another problem is that solar ultraviolet radiation and frequent impacts...
with the abundance of T. namibiensis through phosphogenesis. Internal polyphosphate and nitrate are used as external electron acceptors in the presence...
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