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Politics of Panama
Constitution
Abortion law
LGBT rights
Executive
President
Laurentino Cortizo
Vice President
Jose Gabriel Carrizo
Legislature
National Assembly
President: Marcos Castillero Barahona
Administrative divisions
Provinces and comarcas
Districts
Corregimientos
Elections
Recent elections
General: 2014
2019
2024
2006 Canal referendum
Political parties
Foreign relations
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Minister: Janaina Tewaney
Diplomatic missions of / in Panama
Passport
Visa requirements
Visa policy
Panama Canal Authority
Panama portal
Other countries
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The politics of Panama take place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic with multi-party system, whereby the President of Panama is both head of state and head of government.
Executive power is exercised by the president. Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The branches are according to Panama's Political Constitution of 1972, reformed by the Actos Reformatorios of 1978 and the Acto Constitucional of 1983, united in cooperation and limited through a system of checks and balances.
Three independent organizations with clearly defined responsibilities are found in the constitution: the Comptroller General of the Republic has the responsibility to manage public funds; the Electoral Tribunal has the responsibility to guarantee liberty, transparency, and the efficacy of the popular vote; and the Ministry of the Public oversees interests of State and of the municipalities.
The USAID website ranks Panama at 0.83/1 for democracy, but only 0.5/1 for political corruption.[1]
^"IDEA". idea.usaid.gov. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
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