One of the superficial muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg
Plantaris muscle
Plantaris muscle. Seen from behind.
Dissection video (1 min 23 s)
Details
Origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius <link issue>
Insertion
Tendo calcaneus (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon)
Artery
Sural arteries
Nerve
Tibial nerve from anterior rami of S1-S2
Actions
Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee
Antagonist
Tibialis anterior muscle
Identifiers
Latin
musculus plantaris
TA98
A04.7.02.049
TA2
2663
FMA
22543
Anatomical terms of muscle
[edit on Wikidata]
The plantaris is one of the superficial muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg, one of the fascial compartments of the leg.
It is composed of a thin muscle belly and a long thin tendon. While not as thick as the achilles tendon, the plantaris tendon (which tends to be between 30–45 centimetres (12–18 in) in length) is the longest tendon in the human body. Not including the tendon, the plantaris muscle is approximately 5–10 centimetres (2.0–3.9 in) long and is absent in 8-12% of the population. It is one of the plantar flexors in the posterior compartment of the leg, along with the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The plantaris is considered to have become an unimportant muscle when human ancestors switched from climbing trees to bipedalism and in anatomically modern humans it mainly acts with the gastrocnemius.[1]
^Sichting, Freddy; Holowka, Nicholas B.; Ebrecht, Florian; Lieberman, Daniel E. (2020-02-26). "Evolutionary anatomy of the plantar aponeurosis in primates, including humans". Journal of Anatomy. 237 (1). Wiley: 85–104. doi:10.1111/joa.13173. ISSN 0021-8782. PMC 7309290. PMID 32103502.
between soleus and gastrocnemius. PlantarismusclePlantaris tendon runs between soleus and gastrocnemius. Plantaris tendon is indicated by white arrow-heads...
gastrocnemius muscle is superficial to (closer to the skin than) the soleus, which lies below the gastrocnemius. The plantarismuscle and a portion of...
insertion via the Achilles tendon. The plantarismuscle and a portion of its tendon run between the two muscles, which is involved in "locking" the knee...
muscles that exert their force over the hip and knee joints. Some biarticular muscles – which cross two joints, like the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles...
myokine that is produced and released by myocytes and acts on muscle cells to inhibit muscle growth. Myostatin is a secreted growth differentiation factor...
muscle. Rarely an additional inconstant muscle; the popliteus minor is seen. It originates from the femur on the inner side of the plantarismuscle and...
of the muscle; and the joining to adjacent organs. The palmaris longus muscle in the forearm is sometimes absent, as is the plantarismuscle in the leg...
the foot. The superficial layer of posterior leg muscles is formed by the triceps surae and the plantaris. The triceps surae consists of the soleus and the...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Plantar fascia. "aponeurosis plantaris". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2023-06-10. Moore, Keith L.; Dalley...
and the oblique popliteal ligament. strong fascia covering the popliteus muscle. Structures within the popliteal fossa include, (from superficial to deep):...
These muscles unite in a large terminal tendon, the Achilles tendon, which is attached to the posterior tubercle of the calcaneus. The plantaris closely...
This is a table of skeletal muscles of the human anatomy, with muscle counts and other information. Skeletal muscle maps Anterior view Posterior view...
The tibialis anterior muscle is a muscle of the anterior compartment of the lower leg. It originates from the upper portion of the tibia; it inserts into...
the foot downward. It is accompanied by a "fourth head", the slight plantarismuscle, the long slender tendon of which is also attached to the heel bone...
During a hop, the powerful gastrocnemius muscles lift the body off the ground while the smaller plantarismuscle, which attaches near the large fourth toe...
climbing muscle, namely the dorsoepitrochlearis brachii. This muscle is found in ≈5% of humans. The plantarismuscle is composed of a thin muscle belly and...
plantar interossei muscles are three muscles located between the metatarsal bones in the foot. The three plantar interosseous muscles are unipennate, as...
fifth toe and lateral half of the fourth, as well as most of the deep muscles, its distribution being similar to that of the ulnar nerve in the hand...
and medial, which are distributed to the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantarismuscles. Sural means related to the calf. The term applies to any of four...
within cells. The highest levels of this enzyme are found in liver and muscle cells. Mutations in this gene are associated with glycogen storage disease...
citations] It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause...
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