Process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle
Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat', and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.
In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris. The ingested material is then digested in the phagosome. Bacteria, dead tissue cells, and small mineral particles are all examples of objects that may be phagocytized. Some protozoa use phagocytosis as means to obtain nutrients.
endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte. In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major mechanism used to...
damage to the host during inflammation. Neutrophils will be removed after phagocytosis of pathogens by macrophages. PECAM-1 and phosphatidylserine on the cell...
Antibody opsonization is a process by which a pathogen is marked for phagocytosis. Given normal inflammatory circumstances, microbial pathogen-associated...
among others, recognize pathogens for phagocytosis. Macrophages can also recognize pathogens for phagocytosis indirectly through opsonins, which are...
"professional" or "non-professional" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells...
his case macrophages) eat cell that the role of phagocytosis in immunity was realised. Phagocytosis was first observed as a process by which unicellular...
phagosome is a vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis. Professional phagocytes include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic...
that specialise in phagocytosis, i.e. cellular eating). Different types of things ("targets") can be tagged by opsonins for phagocytosis, including: pathogens...
(cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating). It is a form of active transport. The term was proposed by De Duve in 1963. Phagocytosis was discovered by...
is still a continuous non-triggered event, unlike phagocytosis, which is explained below. Phagocytosis, also known as cell eating, is the absorption of...
Half-maximum stimulation is attained at about 100 nM. Stimulation of phagocytosis is obtained with polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) cells from human,...
cytotoxic cells to destroy microbes, or infected cells by antibody-mediated phagocytosis or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Some viruses such as...
and therefore this form of cell death is prevented by blocking phagocytosis. Phagocytosis of an otherwise-viable cell may occur because the cell is recognised...
system with which you were born, made up of phagocytes and barriers. Phagocytosis, derived from the Greek words phagein, meaning to eat, kytos or cell...
functions in the immune system. These are phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and cytokine production. Phagocytosis is the process of uptake of microbes and...
attracts leukocytes and nearby phagocytes which eliminate the dead cells by phagocytosis. However, microbial damaging substances released by leukocytes would...
Lysosomes are structures that use enzymes to break down substances through phagocytosis, a process that comprises endocytosis and exocytosis. In the mitochondria...
particles connecting together, such as phagocytosis and pathogen binding (connecting) together so that the phagocytosis destroys the pathogen. A bound system...
that microglial cells functioned similarly to macrophages by performing phagocytosis and antigen presentation.[citation needed] Microglial cells are extremely...
phagolysosome it must go through multiple steps. The first step is phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is when a cell engulfs an extracellular pathogen and entraps it...
and eat dead organic material. Amoebae typically ingest their food by phagocytosis, extending pseudopods to encircle and engulf live prey or particles of...
patterns (PAMPs). Most PAMPs that bind to endocytic PRRs and initiate phagocytosis are cell wall components, including complex carbohydrates such as mannans...
its integrity. It was Mechnikov who first observed the phenomenon of phagocytosis, in which the body defends itself against a foreign body. Ehrlich accustomed...
Neutrophils have three strategies for directly attacking micro-organisms: phagocytosis (ingestion), release of soluble anti-microbials (including granule proteins)...
in through the mouth. In protozoa, this most commonly occurs through phagocytosis. Digestion: The physical breakdown of complex large and organic food...
which is the attachment of one cell to another. Emperipolesis is unlike phagocytosis, in which the engulfed cell is killed by the lysosomal enzymes of the...
Endocytosis is the reverse of exocytosis and can occur in a variety of forms. Phagocytosis ("cell eating") is the process by which bacteria, dead tissue, or other...
regulating pathway, which has a Bcl-xL timer. Old platelets are destroyed by phagocytosis in the spleen and liver. The fundamental function of platelets is to...
Monocytes, the largest type of white blood cell, share the "vacuum cleaner" (phagocytosis) function of neutrophils, but are much longer lived as they have an extra...
invaginated pinocytosis vesicles are much smaller than those generated by phagocytosis. The vesicles eventually fuse with the lysosome, whereupon the vesicle...