This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style.(October 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.(October 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Perception management" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(October 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
This article contains weasel words: vague phrasing that often accompanies biased or unverifiable information. Such statements should be clarified or removed.(October 2013)
(Learn how and when to remove this message)
Perception management is a term originated by the US military.[citation needed] The US Department of Defense (DOD) gives this definition:
Actions to convey and/or deny selected information and indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions, motives, and objective reasoning as well as to intelligence systems and leaders at all levels to influence official estimates, ultimately resulting in foreign behaviors and official actions favorable to the originator's objectives. In various ways, perception management combines truth projection,[1] operations security, cover and deception, and psychological operations.[2]
"Perception" is defined as the "process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret the input from their senses to give meaning and order to the world around them".[3] This definition overlaps with the higher-order perceptual processes as defined biologically (the lower-order biological processes are not susceptible to management; these low-level processes include underlying perceptual categorization performed prior to conscious categorization.[4]). Components of perception include the perceiver, target of perception, and the situation.
Factors that influence the perceiver include:
Schema: organization and interpretation of information based on past experiences and knowledge
Motivational state: needs, values, and desires of a perceiver at the time of perception
Mood: emotions of the perceiver at the time of perception
Factors that influence the target include:
Ambiguity: a lack of clarity. If ambiguity increases, the perceiver may find it harder to form an accurate perception
Social status: a person's real or perceived position in society or in an organization
Impression management: an attempt to control the perceptions or impressions of others. Targets are likely to use impression management tactics when interacting with perceivers who have power over them. Several impression management tactics include behavioral matching between the target of perception and the perceiver, self-promotion (presenting one's self in a positive light), conforming to situational norms, appreciating others, or being consistent.[3]
^Anup Shah (April 17, 2006). "Media Manipulation".
^Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms Archived 2009-11-08 at the Wayback Machine, Joint Publication 1-02, 12 April 2001 (As Amended Through 17 December 2003)
^ abGeorge, Jennifer. "Chapter 4: Perception, Attribution, and the Management of Diversity". Retrieved November 17, 2011.
^Feldman Barrett, Lisa (2016). How Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0544133310.
and 24 Related for: Perception management information
Perceptionmanagement is a term originated by the US military.[citation needed] The US Department of Defense (DOD) gives this definition: Actions to convey...
hangout is a tactic used in media relations, perceptionmanagement, politics, and information management. The tactic originated as a technique in the...
The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index that ranks countries "by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as determined by expert...
Seagull management is a management style wherein a manager only interacts with employees when suspecting that a problem has arisen. The perception is that...
The study of time perception or chronoception is a field within psychology, cognitive linguistics and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience...
Impression management is a conscious or subconscious process in which people attempt to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object...
human rights groups. Some private intelligence agencies use online perceptionmanagement, social media influencing/manipulation campaigns, strategic disinformation...
formed by people's encounters with products, services and businesses – a perception produced when humans consolidate sensory information." They argued that...
of a government cover-up to the wider public. The method, called perceptionmanagement, aimed to distract people from the complexities of the real world...
researchers, including Bennewitz. Mirage Men (2013). Documentary. London: PerceptionManagement Productions (UK) / Random Media (US). OCLC 879287140. Based on the...
roles of intelligence collection and conducting propaganda and perceptionmanagement campaigns." The reported added, "CAIFC has additional ties to the...
Doublespeak Dumbing down Fundamentalism Greenspeak Paternalism Paywall Perceptionmanagement Philosopher king Politicization of science Pseudophilosophy Pseudointellectual...
Selective perception is the tendency not to notice and more quickly forget stimuli that cause emotional discomfort and contradict prior beliefs. For example...
Engineering management or Management Engineering (Mandarin: 經營工學 / 经营工学, Japanese: 経営工学, Korean: 경영공학) is applied engineering. It is the application of...
Error management theory (EMT) is an approach to perception and cognition biases originally coined by David Buss and Martie Haselton. Error management training...
enhancing the reputation of organizations. Offline reputation management shapes public perception of a said entity outside the digital sphere using clearly...
team management, business management or unfavorable policy from the government. Some examples of stressors in the workplace can be their perception of Organization...
Retrieved 27 December 2023. Brady, Anne-Marie China's Propaganda and PerceptionManagement Efforts, Its Intelligence Activities that Target the United States...
Scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows. Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially...
change Perceptionmanagement – Influence tactic Planning – Regarding the activities required to achieve a desired goal Business process management – Business...
denotes legal recognition and, thus, religious legitimacy." Using perceptionmanagement as an influence tactic, the Church of Scientology has sought legitimacy...
Global Information
