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Medical condition
Papilledema
Fundal photograph showing severe papilledema in the left eye
Papilledema or papilloedema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure due to any cause.[1] The swelling is usually bilateral and can occur over a period of hours to weeks.[2] Unilateral presentation is extremely rare.
In intracranial hypertension, the optic disc swelling most commonly occurs bilaterally. When papilledema is found on fundoscopy, further evaluation is warranted because vision loss can result if the underlying condition is not treated.[1] Further evaluation with a CT or MRI of the brain and/or spine is usually performed. Recent research has shown that point-of-care ultrasound can be used to measure optic nerve sheath diameter for detection of increased intracranial pressure and shows good diagnostic test accuracy compared to CT.[3] Thus, if there is a question of papilledema on fundoscopic examination or if the optic disc cannot be adequately visualized, ultrasound can be used to rapidly assess for increased intracranial pressure and help direct further evaluation and intervention. Unilateral papilledema can suggest a disease in the eye itself, such as an optic nerve glioma.
^ abBlumenfeld, Hal (2022). Neuroanatomy through clinical cases (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA, USA: Sinauer Associates. p. 143. ISBN 978-1-60535-962-5.
^K., Khurana, A. (2015). Comprehensive ophthalmology. Khurana, Aruj K., Khurana, Bhawna. (6th ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee, The Health Sciences Publisher. ISBN 9789351526575. OCLC 921241041.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Ohle, Robert; McIsaac, Sarah M.; Woo, Michael Y.; Perry, Jeffrey J. (2015-07-01). "Sonography of the Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter for Detection of Raised Intracranial Pressure Compared to Computed Tomography A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 34 (7): 1285–1294. doi:10.7863/ultra.34.7.1285. ISSN 0278-4297. PMID 26112632. S2CID 25301791.
Papilledema or papilloedema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure due to any cause. The swelling is usually bilateral...
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papilledema. However, papillitis may be unilateral, whereas papilledema is almost always bilateral. Papillitis can be differentiated from papilledema...
expression on one or both sides of the face. The increased pressure leads to papilledema, which is swelling of the optic disc, the spot where the optic nerve...
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Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome is defined as one-sided optic atrophy with papilledema in the other eye but with the absence of a mass. The syndrome is defined...
focal neurologic findings and seizures have been seen in addition to papilledema with or without meningitis. When the size of a brainstem tuberculoma...
associated with the occurrence of optic neuritis. Less common causes are: papilledema, brain tumor or abscess in the occipital region, cerebral trauma or hemorrhage...
with the resulting venous congestion causing oedema of the optic nerve (papilledema). Interior of posterior half of bulb of left eye. The veins are darker...
neural sensitivity paresis cerebral edema with associated headache and papilledema of the eyes delirium: confusion, abnormal speech, loss of concentration...
an altered level of consciousness (confusion or drowsiness). Retinal papilledema and/or fundal bleeds and exudates are another sign of target organ damage...
PERRLA, anicteric, no injection, fundus WNL (within normal limits), no papilledema" Ears otoscope "TM intact, noninflamed" Nose otoscope "No congestion"...
tongue (hypoglossal nerve). Visual problems may also be the result of papilledema (swelling of the optic disc) due to obstruction by granulomas of the...
pressing on the patient may indicate an inflammatory process. Signs such as papilledema, visual field losses, or focal neurological deficits are red flag signs...
(diplopia), clouding of lenses of eyes, swelling of the optic disc (papilledema), partial loss of vision, shortness of breath, chest pain, epilepsy,...
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