Not to be confused with the Papacy, the institution that ruled over the Papal States.
State of the Church
Patrimonio di San Pietro / Stato Pontificio(Italian) Patrimonium Sancti Petri / Status Ecclesiasticus (Latin)
756–1870 Interregna (1798–1799, 1809–1814 and 1849–1850)
Top: Flag until 1808[1][2] (longest use) Bottom: Flag that flew over Porta Pia in 1870[3] (last)
Coat of arms (15th–19th cent.)
Coat of arms (Sede vacante)
Anthem:
Marcia trionfale (1857–1870)[4] Great Triumphal March
Papal Shield
Map of the Papal States (green) in 1789, including its exclaves of Benevento and Pontecorvo in southern Italy, and the Comtat Venaissin and Avignon in southern France
The legations of the Papal States in 1850: Rome, I. Romagna, II. Marche, III. Umbria, IV. Marittima e Campagna
Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox country with unknown parameter "1 = <templatestyles>...</templatestyles><div class="plainlist"><u..."
This article is part of a series on
Vatican City
History
Duchy of Rome (533–751)
Donation of Pepin (750s)
Papal States (754–1870)
Annates
Congregation for Borders
Fundamental Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church
Capture of Rome (1870)
"Prisoner in the Vatican" (1870–1929)
Roman Question
Law of Guarantees
Lateran Treaty (1929)
Vatican City (1929–present)
Governor of Vatican City
2010 Vatican sex scandal
History of the Catholic Church since 1962
History of the Papacy
Roman Historical Institutes
Savoyard Era
Vatileaks scandal
Vatican Historical Museum
Vatican City during World War II
Law
Acta Apostolicae Sedis
Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
Capital punishment in Vatican City
Crime in Vatican City
Lateran Treaty
Legal status of the Holy See
(Alperin v. Vatican Bank)
(Doe v. Holy See)
Temporal power of the Holy See
Tribunal of Vatican City State
Canon law
1983 Code of Canon Law
Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
Apostolic Constitution Pastor Bonus
LGBT rights in Vatican City
Pontifical Swiss Guard
Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State
Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
Politics and government
Archives
Association of Vatican Lay Workers
Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
President
President: Giuseppe Bertello
Pontifical Commission
Secretariat for Communications
Holy See Press Office
L'Osservatore Romano (Vatican City newspaper)
L'Osservatore della Domenica
List of newspapers in Vatican City
Vatican Radio lawsuit
Vatican Information Service
.va (Vatican City internet sites)
Vatican Publishing House
Vatican Radio
Vatican Television Center
Secretariat of State
Secretary: Pietro Parolin
Fabric of Saint Peter
Foreign relations of the Holy See
List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
Holy See–Israel relations
Holy See–Italy relations
Holy See–Palestine relations
Holy See–United States relations
Papal apocrisiarius
Governorate of Vatican City
Governor of Vatican City
Military of Vatican City
Noble Guard
College of Cardinals
Camerlengo(Chamberlain)
Dean
Vical General
Court of Cassation
President: Dominique Mamberti
Court of Appeals
President: Pio Vito Pinto
Tribunale
President: G. di Sanguinetto
Papacy
Pope
Popemobile
Catholic Church
Latin Church
Holy See
Diocese of Rome
Roman Curia
Universi Dominici Gregis
Papal conclave (Papal elections)
Universi Dominici gregis
Recent conclaves
1978 (Oct)
2005
2013
Papal household
Papal Gentleman
Prefecture of the Pontifical Household
Foreign relations
Section for Relations with States
Concordats
Multilateral foreign policy
Status in international law
Lateran Treaty
Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
Secretary for Relations with States: Paul Gallagher
Undersecretaries for Relations with States: Antoine Camilleri
List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
Nuncios
Vatican and Holy See passports
Visa requirements
Visa policy
The Holy See and the United Nations
Economy
Institute for the Works of Religion
Telephone numbers in Vatican City
Tourism in Vatican City
Transport in Vatican City
Rail transport in Vatican City
Secretariat for the Economy
Financial Information Authority
Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
Vatican euro coins
Vatican lira
Properties of the Holy See
Symbols
Flag
List of Papal flags
Anthem
Coat of arms of Vatican City
00120 (Vatican postcode)
Papal tiara
Papal coronation
Culture
Vatican Museums
Vatican Library
Music of Vatican City
Sistine Chapel Choir
Languages of Vatican City
Women in Vatican City
Vatican Christmas Tree
Vatican City football team
Vatican Cricket Team
Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
Public holidays in Vatican City
Pontifical Academy of Sciences
Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
The Story of the Vatican, 1941 documentary
Buildings/geography
Apostolic nunciature
Apostolic Palace
Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
Borgia Apartments
Bramante Staircase
Domus Sanctae Marthae
Fountains of St. Peter's Square
Gardens of Vatican City
Geography of Vatican City
Gregorian Tower
Mater Ecclesiae (monastery)
Monument to the Royal Stuarts
Palace of the Holy Office
Palazzi Pontifici
Papal Apartments
Saint Peter's Basilica
Saint Peter's Square
Saint Peter's tomb
Lateran Basilica
Lateran Palace
Leonine City
Niccoline Chapel
Old St. Peter's Basilica
Papal tombs
Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica
Paul VI Audience Hall
Tomb of the Julii
Torre San Giovanni
Scala Regia
Via della Conciliazione
Vatican Climate Forest
Vatican Heliport
Vatican Hill
Vatican Necropolis
Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
Public holidays in Vatican City
Vatican Secret Archives
St. Peter's Baldachin
Sala Regia
San Pellegrino in Vaticano
Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope
Vatican Observatory
Vatican Pharmacy
Bibliotheca Palatina
Cappella Giulia
Cappella Paolina
Cardinal Secretary of State
Casina Pio IV
Circus of Nero
Redemptoris Mater Chapel
Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss
Santo Stefano degli Abissini
Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
Teutonic Cemetery
Cortile del Belvedere
Passetto di Borgo
Porta San Pellegrino
Vatican Museums
Vatican Museums
Vatican Gallery of Maps
Gallery of Sistine Chapel ceiling
Collection of Modern Religious Art
Raphael Rooms
Redemptoris Mater Chapel
Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
Sistine Chapel
Sistine Chapel ceiling
The Last Judgment by Michelangelo
Outline
Index
Vatican City portal
Catholicism portal
v
t
e
The Papal States (/ˈpeɪpəl/PAY-pəl; Italian: Stato Pontificio; Latin: Dicio Pontificia), officially the State of the Church (Italian: Stato della Chiesa[ˈstaːtodellaˈkjɛːza]; Latin: Status Ecclesiasticus),[7] were a conglomeration of territories on the Apennine Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the Pope from 756 until 1870.[8] They were among the major states of Italy from the 8th century until the Unification of Italy, between 1859 and 1870.
The state was legally established in the 8th century when Pepin the Short, king of the Franks, gifted Pope Stephen II, as a temporal sovereign, lands formerly held by Arian Lombards, adding them to lands and other real estate formerly acquired and held by the bishops of Rome, as landlords, from the time of Constantine onward. This donation came about as part of a process whereby the popes began to turn away from the Byzantine emperors as their foremost temporal guardians for reasons such as increased imperial taxes, disagreement with respect to iconoclasm, and failure of the emperors, or their exarchs in Italy, to protect the peninsula and Rome from barbarian invasion and pillage.[9]
During the Renaissance, the papal territory expanded greatly, and the Pope became one of Italy's most important rulers as well as the head of Western Christianity. At their zenith, the Papal States covered most of the modern Italian regions of Lazio (which includes Rome), Marche, Umbria and Romagna, and portions of Emilia. These lands were held of the temporal power of the Pope, as opposed to his ecclesiastical primacy.
By 1860, much of the Papal States' territory had been conquered by the Kingdom of Italy. Only Lazio, including Rome, remained under the Pope's temporal control. In 1870, the Pope lost Lazio and Rome and had no physical territory at all, except the Leonine City within Rome, which the new Italian state refrained from occupying militarily, despite its annexation. In 1929, the Italian fascist leader Benito Mussolini, the head of the Italian government, ended the "Prisoner in the Vatican" problem involving a unified Italy and the Holy See by negotiating the Lateran Treaty, signed by the two parties. This treaty recognized the sovereignty of the Holy See over a newly created territorial entity, a city-state within Rome limited to a token territory which became the Vatican City.
^"Storia della Bandiera dello Stato della Città del Vaticano". vatican.va (in Italian). 31 December 2000. Anticamente la bandiera dello Stato pontificio era giallorossa (o per meglio dire amaranto e rossa, colori derivati dai colori dello stemma della Santa Sede), i due colori tradizionali del Senato e del Popolo romano, che vennero tuttavia sostituiti con il bianco e il giallo nel 1808.
^"Bandiera pontificia" (in Spanish). Estado de la Ciudad del Vaticano. Archived from the original on 31 July 2010. Retrieved 2024-03-09. En el pasado, la bandera del Estado pontificio era de color amarillo y granate (o mejor dicho, carmesì y rojo, colores relacionados con el escudo de la Santa Sede), dos colores tradicionales del Senado y del Pueblo romano.
^Vaticano, la bandiera di Porta Pia ritorna dopo 141 anni. www.lastampa.it. 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
^"Inno Pontificio e la sua storia" (in Italian). Statto della città del Vaticano. Archived from the original on 13 March 2010. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
^Saylin, Gregory M. (November 1995). "The United Nations International Conference on Population and Development: Religion, Tradition, and Law in Latin America". Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law. 28 (5): 1263.
^Statistica della popolazione dello Stato pontificio dell'anno 1853(PDF). Ministero del commercio e lavori pubblici. 1857. p. xxii. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
^Frederik de Wit, "Status Ecclesiasticus et Magnus Ducatus Thoscanae" (1700) Archived 2018-03-06 at the Wayback Machine
^"Papal States". Encyclopædia Britannica. 30 April 2020. Archived from the original on 5 October 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
^"Papal States | historical region, Italy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 2021-11-15. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
The PapalStates (/ˈpeɪpəl/ PAY-pəl; Italian: Stato Pontificio; Latin: Dicio Pontificia), officially the State of the Church (Italian: Stato della Chiesa...
nineteenth century, the papacy held direct temporal power in the PapalStates, and many titles of papal nobility were derived from fiefs with territorial privileges...
The Papal Zouaves (Italian: Zuavi Pontifici) were an infantry battalion, later regiment, dedicated to defending the PapalStates. Named after the French...
numerous states. Many of these states consolidated into major political units that balanced the power on the Italian Peninsula: the PapalStates, the Venetian...
of the PapalStates from 1503 to his death, in February 1513. Nicknamed the Warrior Pope, Battle Pope or the Fearsome Pope, he chose his papal name not...
and spiritual independence of the papacy. As such, papal nuncios, who are papal diplomats to states and international organizations, are recognized as...
First Vatican Council in 1868 and for permanently losing control of the PapalStates in 1870 to the Kingdom of Italy. Thereafter, he refused to leave Vatican...
1765 – 1 June 1846) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the PapalStates from 2 February 1831 to his death in June 1846. He had adopted the name...
in part by the PapalStates, which ran through the middle of the peninsula and included the ancient capital of Rome. The PapalStates were able to fend...
Church, and has also served as the head of state or sovereign of the PapalStates and later the Vatican City State since the eighth century. From a Catholic...
consolidated its territorial claims to a portion of the peninsula known as the PapalStates. Thereafter, the role of neighboring sovereigns was replaced by powerful...
sovereign of the PapalStates) was the Quirinal Palace, which is now the official residence of the president of the Italian Republic. The papal apartments are...
The papal tiara is a crown that is worn by popes of the Catholic Church from as early as the 8th century to the mid–20th century. It was last used by...
Each title has been added by unique historical events and unlike other papal prerogatives, is not incapable of modification. Hermannus Contractus may...
arms of Vatican City (a papal tiara and the crossed keys of Saint Peter). It was modeled after the 1808 flag of the PapalStates, a yellow-and-white bicolour...
Italy entered Rome on 20 September 1870, overthrew the Pope and the PapalStates, and took over the Quirinal Palace, and any nobles subsequently ennobled...
spiritual and pastoral activity, while the pope ruled the PapalStates in central Italy. The PapalStates ceased to exist following the capture of Rome in 1870...
the purity of the Papal silver coins from 900/1000 to 835/1000. With the annexation of the PapalStates to Italy in 1870, the Papal lira was replaced...
which spoke of it as a new creation, not as a vestige of the much larger PapalStates (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of Central Italy. Vatican...
Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of the PapalStates from 754 to 1870 and of Vatican City since 1929), a papal abdication involves both the spiritual and...
emperor-tier ruler such as the Holy Roman Emperor may declare war on the PapalStates to install their antipope as the "true" pope, thereby vassalizing the...
participants of the war, who fought for its entire duration, were France, the PapalStates, and the Republic of Venice; they were joined at various times by nearly...
the PapalStates from 16 December 955 to his death in 964. He was related to the counts of Tusculum, a powerful Roman family which had dominated papal politics...
1861, central Italy was divided into two states, the PapalStates and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The PapalStates, officially the State of the Church, were...
during the medieval era, such as France, Spain, Sicily, Naples, and the PapalStates. In France, several duchies existed in the medieval period, including...
10 February 1829), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the PapalStates from 28 September 1823 to his death in February 1829. Leo XII was in...
Papal regalia and insignia are the official items of attire and decoration proper to the Pope in his capacity as the visible head of the Catholic Church...
Between the Congress of Vienna (1815) and the capture of Rome (1870), the Papal State was subdivided geographically into 17 apostolic delegations (delegazioni...
This is a list of people executed in the PapalStates under the government of the Popes or during the 1810–1819 decade of French rule. Although capital...
the former PapalStates were defended by a relatively large Papal Army (including the Corsican Guard, active from 1603 to 1662) and a Papal Navy, a majority...
Global Information
