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Vatican City information


Vatican City State
  • Stato della Città del Vaticano (Italian)
  • Status Civitatis Vaticanae (Latin)
Flag of Vatican City
Flag
Coat of arms of Vatican City
Coat of arms
Anthem: Inno e Marcia Pontificale (Italian)
"Pontifical Anthem and March"
noicon
National Seal
  • Sigillo dello Stato della Città del Vaticano (Italian)
    Sigillum Stati Civitatis Vaticanae (Latin)
National Seal of Vatican City
Official languages
  • Italian
  • Latin[1][2]
National languageItalian (de facto)[a]
Religion
Catholicism
(state religion)
Demonym(s)None (de jure)[4]
Vatican (de facto)
GovernmentUnitary theocratic Catholic elective absolute monarchy[5][6][7][8]
• Sovereign entity
Holy See
• Pope
Pope Francis
• Secretary of State
Pietro Parolin
• President of the Governorate
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga
LegislaturePontifical Commission[b]
Independence 
from the Kingdom of the Franks
• Donation of Pepin
754 (1270 years ago)
• Lateran Treaty
11 February 1929 (95 years ago)
Area
• Total
0.49[c] km2 (0.19 sq mi) (195th)
Population
• 2024 estimate
524[13] (234th)
• Density
1,559/km2 (4,037.8/sq mi) (2nd)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
€19450.22
CurrencyEuro (€) (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Driving sideright[d]
Calling code+379[e]
ISO 3166 codeVA
Internet TLD.va
Website
Official website
Vatican City
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Vatican City
CriteriaCultural: i, ii, iv, vi
Reference286
Inscription1984 (8th Session)

Vatican City (/ˈvætɪkən/ ), officially the Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano;[f] Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae),[g][h] is a landlocked independent country,[16][17] city-state, microstate, and enclave within Rome, Italy.[18][19] It became independent from Italy in 1929 with the Lateran Treaty, and it is a distinct territory under "full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction" of the Holy See, itself a sovereign entity under international law, which maintains the city-state's temporal power and governance, diplomatic, and spiritual independence. The Vatican is also a metonym for the Holy See, Pope, and Roman Curia.[i][20]

With an area of 49 hectares (121 acres)[c] and as of 2023 a population of about 764,[13] it is the smallest state in the world both by area and by population.[21] As governed by the Holy See, Vatican City State is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state ruled by the Pope, who is the bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church.[6][22] The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various origins. After the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377) the popes have mainly resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City, although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere.

The Holy See dates back to early Christianity and is the principal episcopal see of the Catholic Church, which has approximately 1.329 billion baptised Catholics in the world as of 2018 in the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches.[23] The independent state of Vatican City, on the other hand, came into existence on 11 February 1929 by the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy, which spoke of it as a new creation,[24] not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of Central Italy.

Vatican City contains religious and cultural sites such as St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, the Vatican Apostolic Library, and the Vatican Museums. They feature some of the world's most famous paintings and sculptures. The unique economy of Vatican City is supported financially by donations from the faithful, by the sale of postage stamps and souvenirs, fees for admission to museums, and sales of publications. Vatican City has no taxes, and items are duty-free.

  1. ^ Reuters Staff (6 October 2014). "Pope ditches Latin as official language of Vatican synod". Reuters. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  2. ^ "What language is spoken at the Vatican?". Visiting The Vatican. 13 April 2023. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  3. ^ Solemn oath of the Vatican Swiss guards. 6 May 2014. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 – via YouTube.
  4. ^ "Vatican City :: Italy Explained". Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
  5. ^ "Internet Portal of Vatican City State". Vatican City State. Archived from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
  6. ^ a b "Holy See (Vatican City)". CIA—The World Factbook. 22 September 2021. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  7. ^ Robbers, Gerhard (2006) Encyclopedia of World Constitutions Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-81606078-8. p. 1009
  8. ^ Nick Megoran (2009) "Theocracy" Archived 4 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine, p. 226 in International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, vol. 11, Elsevier ISBN 978-0-08-044911-1
  9. ^ "Legislative and Executive Bodies". Vatican City State. Archived from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  10. ^ Pope John Paul II (26 November 2000). "Fundamental Law of Vatican City State" (PDF). Vatican City State. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2008. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  11. ^ De Agostini Atlas Calendar Archived 3 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1930, p. 99. (in Italian)
  12. ^ De Agostini Atlas Calendar Archived 3 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1945–1946, p. 128. (in Italian)
  13. ^ a b "Population" (in Italian). Vatican City State. 16 March 2024. Archived from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
  14. ^ "Stato della Città del Vaticano". Archived from the original on 19 January 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  15. ^ "La Santa Sede". Vatican.va. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  16. ^ Ray, Michael (20 May 2023). "Vatican City". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  17. ^ Duignan, Brian (31 March 2023). "nation-state". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  18. ^ "Vatican City". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  19. ^ "Vatican country profile". BBC News. 2018. Archived from the original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
  20. ^ "Text of the Lateran Treaty of 1929". Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  21. ^ "Europe :: Holy See (Vatican City) — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 22 September 2021. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  22. ^ "Vatican City". Catholic-Pages.com. Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 12 August 2013.
  23. ^ "Catholics increasing worldwide, reaching 1.329 billion". AsiaNews. 26 March 2020. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  24. ^ Cite error: The named reference Preamble was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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Vatican City

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Vatican City (/ˈvætɪkən/ ), officially the Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano; Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is a landlocked...

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Flag of Vatican City

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of Vatican City was adopted in 1929, the year Pope Pius XI signed the Lateran Treaty with Italy, creating the new independent state of Vatican City governed...

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Holy See

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over the worldwide Catholic Church and sovereignty over the city-state known as the Vatican City. As the supreme body of government of the Catholic Church...

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Geography of Vatican City

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12°27′9″E / 41.90278°N 12.45250°E / 41.90278; 12.45250 The geography of Vatican City is unique due to the country's position as an urban, landlocked enclave...

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Politics of Vatican City

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The politics of Vatican City take place in a framework of a theocratic absolute elective monarchy, in which the Pope, religiously speaking, the leader...

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Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State

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The Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State (Latin: Pontificia Commissio pro Civitate Vaticana, Italian: Pontificia Commissione per lo Stato della...

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Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City

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The Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City State (Italian: Corpo della Gendarmeria dello Stato della Città del Vaticano) is the gendarmerie, or military police...

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Military in Vatican City

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The Vatican City State is a neutral nation, which has not engaged in any war since its formation in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty. It has no formal military...

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Vatican City national football team

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The Vatican City national football team (Italian: Selezione di calcio della Città del Vaticano) is the football team that represents Vatican City under...

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Economy of Vatican City

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The economy of Vatican City is mainly supported financially by the sale of stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos as well as fees for admission to...

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Vatican Railway

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The Vatican Railway (Italian: Ferrovia Vaticana) was opened in 1934 to serve Vatican City and its only station, Vatican City (Città del Vaticano [tʃitˈta...

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Women in Vatican City

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citizenry of Vatican City. According to the Herald Sun in March 2011, there were only 32 females out of 572 citizens issued with Vatican passports. One...

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Vatican

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Church and city-state of Vatican City Roman Curia, the administrative apparatus of the Holy See Vatican Library Vatican Apostolic Archive Vatican Publishing...

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Vatican City Championship

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The Vatican City Championship (Italian: Campionato della Città del Vaticano) is the top men's association football league of Vatican City. Founded in...

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Pope

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international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatican City State, a city-state which forms a geographical enclave within the conurbation...

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Diocese of Rome

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sovereign entity with diplomatic relations, and civil jurisdiction over the Vatican City State located geographically within Rome. The Diocese of Rome is the...

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Law of Vatican City

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The law of Vatican City State consists of many forms, the most important of which is the canon law of the Catholic Church. The organs of state are governed...

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Crime in Vatican City

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Crime in the Vatican City consists largely of purse snatching, pick-pocketing and shoplifting perpetrated by tourists upon other tourists. The tourist...

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List of popes

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Stephen IX (1057–1058). Annuario Pontificio History of the papacy Index of Vatican City-related articles Legends surrounding the papacy Liber Pontificalis Papal...

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Vatican Library

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informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City, and is the city-state's national library. It was formally established in 1475...

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Outline of Vatican City

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following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to Vatican City: Vatican City – an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state, being the...

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2024 in Vatican City

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Events in the year 2024 in Vatican City. Sovereign Pontiff (Pope): Pope Francis Cardinal Secretary of State: Pietro Parolin President of the Pontifical...

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Coat of arms of Vatican City

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The coat of arms of Vatican City is the coat of arms of adopted by Vatican City's Fundamental Law on 7 June 1929; this coat of arms is defined by law...

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Transport in Vatican City

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The transportation system in Vatican City, a country 1.05 km (0.65 mi) long and 0.85 km (0.53 mi) wide, is a small transportation system with no airports...

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Languages of Vatican City

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Vatican City uses Italian in its official documents and as its main working language. However, many other languages are also used by institutions situated...

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Vatican City Heliport

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Vatican City Heliport (Latin: Portus helicopterorum Civitatis Vaticanae, Italian: Eliporto di Città del Vaticano) consists of a 25 × 17 m (82 × 56 ft)...

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Visa policy of Vatican City

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Economic Area, the Vatican City maintains an open border with Italy and is treated as part of the Schengen Area. Since the Vatican City is only accessible...

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Gardens of Vatican City

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Gardens of Vatican City (Latin: Horti Civitatis Vaticanae), also informally known as the Vatican Gardens (Italian: Giardini Vaticani) in Vatican City, are private...

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Vatican Apostolic Archive

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central repository in the Vatican City of all acts promulgated by the Holy See. The Pope, as the Sovereign of Vatican City, owns the material held in...

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