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Pancreatic juice
Identifiers
MeSH
D010189
FMA
62973
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
Pancreatic juice is a liquid secreted by the pancreas,[1] which contains a number of digestive enzymes, including trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase, carboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase, nucleases and amylase. The pancreas is located in the visceral region, and is a major part of the digestive system required for proper digestion and subsequent assimilation of macronutrient substances required for living.
Pancreatic juice is alkaline in nature due to the high concentration of bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate is useful in neutralizing the acidic gastric acid, allowing for effective enzymic changes.
Pancreatic juice secretion is principally regulated by the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin, which are produced by the walls of the duodenum, and by the action of autonomic innervation.
The release of these hormones into the blood is stimulated by the entry of the acidic chyme into the duodenum. Their coordinated action results in the secretion of a large volume of pancreatic juice, which is alkaline and enzyme-rich, into the duodenum. The pancreas also receives autonomic innervation. The blood flow into pancreas is regulated by sympathetic nerve fibers, while parasympathetic neurons stimulate the activity of acinar and centroacinar cells.
Pancreatic secretion is an aqueous solution of bicarbonate originating from the duct cells and enzymes originating from the acinar cells. The bicarbonate assists in neutralising the low pH of the chyme coming from the stomach, while the enzymes assist in the breakdown of the proteins, lipids and carbohydrates for further processing and absorption in the intestines. Secretin-stimulated pancreatic juice can be collected during endoscopy and provides an important source for diagnostic biomarkers, allowing detection of pancreatic pathology, especially cancer not yet visible on medical imaging..[2]
Pancreatic juice is secreted into the duodenum through duodenal papillae. Some individuals have also an accessory duct, named accessory pancreatic duct, which may be functional (that is, it also empties the contents of the exocrine pancreas into the duodenum) or non-functional.
^Mellanby, J. (1926-06-22). "The secretion of pancreatic juice". The Journal of Physiology. 61 (3): 419–435. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1926.sp002304. ISSN 0022-3751. PMC 1514823. PMID 16993803.
^Levink, Iris; Nesteruk, Kateryna; Visser, Dido; Sieuwerts, Anita; Fernandes, Celio; Jansen, Maurice; van Driel, Lydi; Poley, Jan-Werner; Peppelenbosch, Maikel; Cahen, Djuna; Fuhler, Gwenny; Bruno, Marco (2020). "Optimization of Pancreatic Juice Collection: A First Step Toward Biomarker Discovery and Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 115 (12): 2103–2108. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000000939. PMID 33105193. S2CID 225084082.
Pancreaticjuice is a liquid secreted by the pancreas, which contains a number of digestive enzymes, including trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase...
bile duct. This supplies it with pancreaticjuice from the exocrine pancreas, which aids in digestion. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just...
somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. As a part of the digestive system, it functions as an exocrine gland secreting pancreaticjuice into the duodenum...
and also to secrete digestive/exocrinic pancreaticjuice, which is secreted eventually via the pancreatic duct into the duodenum. Digestive or exocrine...
that in some animals, including humans, controls the flow of bile and pancreaticjuice out of the gallbladder and pancreas respectively through the ampulla...
provides a greatly increased surface area for the action of the enzyme pancreatic lipase, which digests the triglycerides, and is able to reach the fatty...
Giller T, Verger R, De Caro A (1998). "Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 (PLRP1) is present in the pancreaticjuice of several species". Biochim Biophys...
types of pancreatic cancer are known. The most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, accounts for about 90% of cases, and the term "pancreatic cancer" is...
function is to complete the process begun by pancreaticjuice; the enzyme trypsin exists in pancreaticjuice in the inactive form trypsinogen, it is activated...
the stomach and large intestine, and receives bile and pancreaticjuice through the pancreatic duct to aid in digestion. The small intestine is about...
glands; they are exocrine glands because they secrete products—bile and pancreaticjuice—into the gastrointestinal tract through a series of ducts, and endocrine...
between a pancreatic pseudocyst and the stomach when the cyst is in a suitable position to be drained into the stomach. This conserves pancreaticjuices that...
the duodenum via the pancreatic duct which it joins near to the bile duct's connection where both the bile and pancreaticjuice can act on the chyme that...
trypsin, a digestive enzyme. It is produced by the pancreas and found in pancreaticjuice, along with amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsinogen. It is cleaved to...
Ductal cells mix their production with acinar cells to make up the pancreaticjuice. Ductal cells comprise about 10% of the pancreas by number and about...
alpha-chymotrypsin A, alpha-chymotrypsin) is a digestive enzyme component of pancreaticjuice acting in the duodenum, where it performs proteolysis, the breakdown...
from the pancreas (e.g., pancreatic amylase and pancreatic lipase) to function optimally. Secretin targets the pancreas; pancreatic centroacinar cells have...
muscle (the pancreatic duct and the hepatopancreatic ampulla usually possess sphincters of their own to allow the flow of pancreaticjuice to be regulated...
therefore cause retention of bile in the biliary tree and pancreaticjuice in the pancreatic duct. Individuals with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction present...
characterization of reference materials for human pancreatic lipase: BCR 693 (from human pancreaticjuice) and BCR 694 (recombinant)". Clin. Chem. Lab. Med...
sphincters regulate the flow of bile and pancreaticjuice through the ampulla: the sphincter of the pancreatic duct, the sphincter of the bile duct, and...
whereas carboxypeptidase, which is a digestive enzyme present in pancreaticjuice, will cleave a single amino acid from the carboxylic end of the peptide...
of fluids that produce chemical irritation, such as gastric acid or pancreaticjuice. Peritonitis causes fever, tenderness, and pain in the abdominal area...
for multiple ailments, including cancer. He is the originator of celery juicing, which he claims can offer many health benefits. Critics allege that he...
gastric pits, which receive gastric juice, secreted by between 2 and 7 gastric glands.[citation needed] Gastric juice is an acidic fluid containing hydrochloric...
gastrointestinal disorders. Trepibutone promotes secretion of the bile and pancreaticjuice, and accelerates flaccidity of the smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal...
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