The Oxymonads (or Oxymonadida) are a group of flagellated protists found exclusively in the intestines of animals, mostly termites and other wood-eating insects. Along with the similar parabasalid flagellates, they harbor the symbiotic bacteria that are responsible for breaking down cellulose. There is no evidence for presence of mitochondria (not even anaerobic mitochondrion-like organelles like hydrogenosomes or mitosomes) in oxymonads[1] and 3 species have been shown to completely lack any molecular markers of mitochondria.[2]
It includes e.g. Dinenympha, Pyrsonympha, Oxymonas,[3]Streblomastix,[4]Monocercomonoides, and Blattamonas.[5]
^Hampl, Vladimir (2016), Archibald, John M.; Simpson, Alastair G.B.; Slamovits, Claudio H.; Margulis, Lynn (eds.), "Preaxostyla", Handbook of the Protists, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–36, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_8-1, ISBN 978-3-319-32669-6, retrieved 2024-04-15
^Novák, Lukáš V. F.; Treitli, Sebastian C.; Pyrih, Jan; Hałakuc, Paweł; Pipaliya, Shweta V.; Vacek, Vojtěch; Brzoň, Ondřej; Soukal, Petr; Eme, Laura; Dacks, Joel B.; Karnkowska, Anna; Eliáš, Marek; Hampl, Vladimír (2023-12-07). Dutcher, Susan K. (ed.). "Genomics of Preaxostyla Flagellates Illuminates the Path Towards the Loss of Mitochondria". PLOS Genetics. 19 (12): e1011050. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1011050. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 10703272. PMID 38060519.
^Moriya S, Dacks JB, Takagi A, et al. (2003). "Molecular phylogeny of three oxymonad genera: Pyrsonympha, Dinenympha and Oxymonas". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 50 (3): 190–7. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00115.x. PMID 12836875. S2CID 26831383.
^Treitli, Sebastian C.; Kolisko, Martin; Husník, Filip; Keeling, Patrick J.; Hampl, Vladimír (2019-09-24). "Revealing the metabolic capacity of Streblomastix strix and its bacterial symbionts using single-cell metagenomics". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (39): 19675–19684. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11619675T. doi:10.1073/pnas.1910793116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6765251. PMID 31492817.
^Treitli, Sebastian C.; Kotyk, Michael; Yubuki, Naoji; Jirounková, Eliška; Vlasáková, Jitka; Smejkalová, Pavla; Šípek, Petr; Čepička, Ivan; Hampl, Vladimír (November 2018). "Molecular and Morphological Diversity of the Oxymonad Genera Monocercomonoides and Blattamonas gen. nov". Protist. 169 (5): 744–783. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2018.06.005. PMID 30138782.
The Oxymonads (or Oxymonadida) are a group of flagellated protists found exclusively in the intestines of animals, mostly termites and other wood-eating...
mitochondria into other structures, e.g. hydrogenosomes and mitosomes. The oxymonads Monocercomonoides, Streblomastix, and Blattamonas have completely lost...
they have hydrogenosomes, mitosomes or uncharacterised organelles. The oxymonad Monocercomonoides is reported to have completely lost homologous organelles...
by horizontal gene transfer from a eubacterium of a common ancestor of oxymonads. These organisms are significant because they undermine assumptions that...
include the retortamonads, diplomonads, and possibly the parabasalids and oxymonads as well. These four groups are all anaerobic (many being aerotolerant...
Vladimír (November 2018). "Molecular and Morphological Diversity of the Oxymonad Genera Monocercomonoides and Blattamonas gen. nov". Protist. 169 (5): 744–783...
one-divisional meiosis, occurs in some flagellates (parabasalids and oxymonads) from the gut of the wood-feeding cockroach Cryptocercus. Recombination...
including P. pyriformis) as sister to the oxymonad Pyrsonympha in 2001 and a close relationship to oxymonads was further supported in another study in...
Andrew J.; Eliáš, Marek; Dacks, Joel B.; Hampl, Vladimír (2019). "The Oxymonad Genome Displays Canonical Eukaryotic Complexity in the Absence of a Mitochondrion"...
Grassé, 1924) Trichonympha agilis Leidy, 1877 A 2003 study that focused on oxymonad flagellates found evidence of at least one additional undescribed Dinenympha...
called the axostyle, but is different in structure from the axostyles of oxymonads. Parabasalids are anaerobic, and lack mitochondria, but this is now known...
also associated with the anterior end of the axostyle. Similar to other oxymonads, Saccinobaculus lacks mitochondria and Golgi bodies. Furthermore, the...
(Cryptotermes) Dudleyi Banks, a Termite of Central America, With Remarks on the Oxymonad Flagellates A video related to the species Cryptotermes dudleyi...
known as Preaxostyla, is a class of excavate protists, comprising the oxymonads, Trimastix, and Paratrimastix. This group is studied as a model system...
association with a flagellar microtubular root and occur in two groups, the oxymonads and parabasalids; they have different structures and are not homologous...
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