In thermal engineering, the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a type of thermodynamic cycle. It is a variation of the Rankine cycle named for its use of an organic, high-molecular-mass fluid (compared to water) whose vaporization temperature is lower than that of water. The fluid allows heat recovery from lower-temperature sources such as biomass combustion, industrial waste heat, geothermal heat, solar ponds etc. The low-temperature heat is converted into useful work, that can itself be converted into electricity.
The technology was developed in the late 1950s by Lucien Bronicki and Harry Zvi Tabor.[1][2]
Naphtha engines, similar in principle to ORC but developed for other applications, were in use as early as the 1890s.
^Harry Zvi Tabor, Cleveland Cutler, Encyclopedia of the Earth, 2007.
^Israeli Section of the International Solar Energy Society Archived 2009-01-11 at the Wayback Machine, edited by Gershon Grossman, Faculty of Mechanical Energy, Technion, Haifa; Final draft.
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