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Operation Uranus
Part of the Battle of Stalingrad on the Eastern Front of World War II
German: 400,000 personnel (6th Army and 4th Panzer Army)[3] unknown number of artillery pieces 732 aircraft (402 serviceable) Italian: unknown number of artillery pieces or aircraft[4] Romanian: 143,296-200,000 personnel[3] 827 artillery pieces 134 tanks unknown number of aircraft[4]
Casualties and losses
Unknown
Unknown, presumed heavy
v
t
e
Eastern Front
Naval warfare
Baltic Sea
Black Sea
Arctic Ocean
1941
Barbarossa
Brest
Białystok–Minsk
1st Baltic
Brody
Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
1st Smolensk
Uman
Odessa
1st Kiev
Tallinn
Leningrad
Sea of Azov
1st Kharkov
1st Crimea
Sevastopol
Rostov
Gorky
Moscow
Finland
Kerch
Chechnya
Air war 1941
1942
Lyuban
Barvenkovo–Lozovaya
Rzhev
Toropets–Kholm
Demyansk
Kholm
2nd Kharkov
Case Blue
Caucasus
Rzhev–Sychyovka
Sinyavino
Stalingrad
Velikiye Luki
Mars
Little Saturn
1943
Iskra
Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh
Voronezh–Kharkov
Polar Star
3rd Kharkov
Gorky Blitz
Kursk
1st Donbas
Belgorod-Kharkov
2nd Donbas
2nd Smolensk
Lenino
Dnieper
Nevel
2nd Kiev
1944
Dnieper–Carpathian
Leningrad–Novgorod
Narva
2nd Crimea
1st Jassy–Kishinev
Karelia
Bagration
Lvov–Sandomierz
Doppelkopf
2nd Jassy–Kishinev
Dukla Pass
2nd Baltic
Belgrade
Debrecen
Petsamo–Kirkenes
Courland
Gumbinnen
Budapest
1945
Vistula–Oder
Western Carpathian
East Prussia
Silesia
Breslau
Solstice
East Pomerania
Lake Balaton
Moravia–Ostrava
Vienna
Bratislava–Brno
Berlin
Prague
Prague uprising
v
t
e
Case Blue to 3rd Kharkov
Blue
Voronezh
2nd Rostov
Caucasus
Fischreiher
Kalach
Izbushensky
Stalingrad
Little Saturn
Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh
Voronezh-Kastornensk
Gallop
Star
3rd Kharkov
v
t
e
Romanian military actions in World War II
Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
Diosig
Treznea
As part of the Axis (1941–1944)
Bucharest
Constanța
München
Uman
Odessa
Azov
Sevastopol
Rostov
Kerch
Kharkov
Blue
Edelweiss
Stalingrad
Uranus
Winter Storm
Little Saturn
Western Allied Campaign in Romania (Tidal Wave, Bucharest)
Kerch-Eltigen
Dnieper
Dnieper–Carpathian
Uman–Botoșani
1st Jassy–Kishinev
Crimea
Lublin–Brest
2nd Jassy–Kishinev
As part of the Allies (1944–1945)
Turda
Păuliș
Debrecen
Budapest
Bratislava–Brno
Prague
Operation Uranus (Russian: Опера́ция «Ура́н», romanized: Operatsiya "Uran") was the codename of the Soviet Red Army's 19–23 November 1942 strategic operation on the Eastern Front of World War II which led to the encirclement of Axis forces in the vicinity of Stalingrad: the German Sixth Army, the Third and Fourth Romanian armies, and portions of the German Fourth Panzer Army. The Red Army carried out the operation at roughly the midpoint of the five-month long Battle of Stalingrad, aiming to destroy German forces in and around Stalingrad. Planning for Operation Uranus had commenced in September 1942, and developed simultaneously with plans to envelop and destroy German Army Group Center (Operation Mars) and German forces in the Caucasus.
Due to the length of the front lines created by the German 1942 summer offensive, which had aimed at taking the Caucasus oil fields and the city of Stalingrad, German and other Axis forces were over-extended. The German decision to transfer several mechanized divisions from the Soviet Union to Western Europe exacerbated their situation. Furthermore, Axis units in the area were depleted by months of fighting, especially those which had taken part in the struggle for Stalingrad. The Germans could only count on the XXXXVIII Panzer Corps, which had the strength of a single panzer division, and the 29th Panzergrenadier Division as reserves to bolster their Romanian allies guarding the German Sixth Army's flanks. These Romanian armies lacked the heavy equipment to deal with Soviet armor. In contrast, the Red Army deployed over one million personnel for the offensive. Soviet troop movements were not without problems: concealing their build-up proved difficult, and Soviet units commonly arrived late due to logistical issues. Operation Uranus was first postponed by the Soviet high command (Stavka) from 8 to 17 November, then to 19 November.
At 07:20 Moscow time on 19 November, Soviet forces assaulted the northern flank of the Axis forces at Stalingrad; attacks in the south began the next day. Although the Romanian units succeeded in repelling the first Soviet attacks, by the end of 20 November the Third and Fourth Romanian armies were in headlong retreat, as the Red Army bypassed several German infantry divisions. German mobile reserves proved too weak to parry the Soviet mechanized spearheads, while the Sixth Army did not react quickly or decisively enough to disengage German armored forces in Stalingrad and re-orient them to countering the impending threat. By late 22 November, the northern and southern Soviet forces linked up at the town of Kalach, encircling some 290,000 Axis personnel east of the Don River. Instead of attempting to break out of the encirclement, German leader Adolf Hitler decided to keep Axis forces in Stalingrad and to resupply them by air.
OperationUranus (Russian: Опера́ция «Ура́н», romanized: Operatsiya "Uran") was the codename of the Soviet Red Army's 19–23 November 1942 strategic operation...
area in a timely fashion. OperationUranus, the tactical deep battle plan, worked. However, the General Staff's deep operation plan was compromised by Joseph...
delayed the attack and it was shelved, only later to be resurrected as "OperationUranus" with Vatutin playing the lead role, however Walsh asserts that Rokossovsky...
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It is a gaseous cyan-coloured ice giant. Most of the planet is made of water, ammonia, and methane in a supercritical...
German-occupied Soviet Union territory in 16–30 December 1942. The success of OperationUranus, launched on 19 November 1942, had trapped 250,000 troops of General...
planning Mars than Uranus, and that the Soviet artillery shell allocation was much smaller for Mars than for Uranus. OperationUranus received "2.5 to 4...
Soviet order of battle for OperationUranus details the combat units of the Soviet forces that fought in OperationUranus, the Soviet strategic counteroffensive...
However, the Red Army defeated the Germans at Stalingrad, following OperationsUranus and Little Saturn. This defeat forced the Axis to retreat from the...
prevalent at Stalingrad as well. On 19 November, the Red Army launched OperationUranus, a two-pronged attack targeting the Romanian armies protecting the...
Battle of Stalingrad. In late November 1942 the Red Army had completed OperationUranus, encircling some 300,000 Axis personnel in and around the city of Stalingrad...
group had its lines repeatedly pierced by Red Army counterattacks ("OperationUranus"), developing into the encirclement crisis during the Battle of Stalingrad...
totally, and the Sixth Army, encircled by the Red Army as a result of OperationUranus, surrendered in early February 1943. Adam, Wilhelm; Ruhle, Otto (2015)...
evidently not just improving its defenses. On 19 November 1942, the Soviet OperationUranus began with a major attack on Romanian Third Army in the north. The...
from the Don Front, which had been part of the northern pincer of OperationUranus and had been responsible for the destruction of the 6th Army at Stalingrad...
half-a-million Soviet soldiers were taken prisoner by the end of the operation. Encirclement Flanking maneuver Two-front war "Appendix C" (PDF). The...
on OperationUranus at Stalingrad, so he had little time to care about what was happening at Rzhev, which is questionable considering that Operation Uranus...
from the Don Front, which had been part of the northern pincer of OperationUranus and had been responsible for the destruction of the 6th Army at Stalingrad...
almost all the decisive Soviet offensives in World War II, from the OperationUranus of November 1942 to the assaults on East Prussia (January–April 1945)...
significant, as the day previous the Soviet forces outside the city began OperationUranus. Chuikov was under orders to continue to take the fight to the enemy...
of action that had its first major success at the end of 1942 with OperationUranus, which led to the liberation of Stalingrad. The Battle of the Dnieper...
Battle of Stalingrad. The 6th Army was encircled within the city after OperationUranus, the Soviet counter-offensive in Stalingrad, and eventually destroyed...
supporting role. In the event that Uranus was successful it would play a significant role in the far more ambitious Operation Saturn. It was stronger in manpower...
equipped, these forces were unable to stop the Soviet November offensive (OperationUranus), which punched through both flanks and left the 6th Army encircled...
of Operation Barbarossa), August 23 (start of the Battle of Stalingrad), September 2 (Victory over Japan Day), November 19 (start of OperationUranus),...
and played a leading role in the defeat of the 3rd Romanian Army in OperationUranus. It was transferred to the 3rd Guards Army when that was formed and...
Stalingrad: Soviet Union forces under General Georgy Zhukov launch the OperationUranus counter-attacks at Stalingrad, turning the tide of the battle in the...
the Battle of Stalingrad (in Dutch) "The 6th Army order of Battle". Map of Stalingrad – 12 December 1942 "Uranus Order of Battle". Stalingrad database....
Astrakhan, and also soon became part of 28th Army. In the wake of OperationUranus it advanced westward, taking part in the liberation of Elista at the...
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