For the occupation of Germany after World War II, see Allied-occupied Germany.
1923–1925 French and Belgian occupation of part of Germany
Occupation of the Ruhr
Part of the Aftermath of World War I and Political violence in Germany (1918–1933)
French soldiers and a German civilian in the Ruhr in 1923
Date
January 11, 1923 – August 25, 1925 (2 years, 7 months, and 2 weeks)
Location
The Ruhr, Germany
Result
Dawes Plan
Belligerents
France
Belgium
Germany
German protesters
Commanders and leaders
Raymond Poincaré
Alphonse Caron
Jean-Marie Degoutte
Wilhelm Cuno
Wilhelm Marx
Casualties and losses
130 civilians killed
v
t
e
Aftermath of World War I
Revolutions of 1917–1923
Violence in Finland
Violence in Germany
Conflict in Carinthia
Adriatic question
Occupation of the Rhineland
Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts
Violence in Italy
Scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow
Occupation of the Ruhr
Klaipėda Revolt
Bonus Army
v
t
e
Political violence in Germany (1918–1933)
1918-1923
German strike of January 1918
Collapse of the Imperial German Army
German Revolution of 1918–1919
Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)
Occupation of the Rhineland
Silesian Uprisings
Feme murders
1920 East Prussian plebiscite
Reichstag Bloodbath
Kapp Putsch
Ruhr uprising
French occupation of Frankfurt
March Action
Klaipėda Revolt
Occupation of the Ruhr
Cuno strikes
Küstrin Putsch
German October
Hamburg Uprising
Beer Hall Putsch
1929-1933
Blutmai
Stennes revolt
Murder of Paul Anlauf and Franz Lenck
Altona Bloody Sunday
1932 Prussian coup d'état
Potempa murder of 1932
Kwami Affair
1932 Berlin transport strike
Reichstag fire
Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses
Related
July Putsch
The Occupation of the Ruhr (German: Ruhrbesetzung) was a period of military occupation of the Ruhr region of Germany by France and Belgium from 11 January 1923 to 25 August 1925.
France and Belgium occupied the heavily industrialized Ruhr Valley in response to Germany defaulting on reparation payments dictated by the victorious powers after World War I in the Treaty of Versailles. Occupation of the Ruhr worsened the economic crisis in Germany,[1] and German civilians engaged in acts of passive resistance and civil disobedience, during which 130 were killed. France and Belgium, facing economic and international pressure, accepted the Dawes Plan to restructure Germany's payment of war reparations in 1924 and withdrew their troops from the Ruhr by August 1925.
The Occupation of the Ruhr contributed to German rearmament and the growth of radical right-wing and left-wing movements in Germany.[1]
^ ab"Hyperinflation and the invasion of the Ruhr". The Holocaust Explained. 8 February 1934. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
and 25 Related for: Occupation of the Ruhr information
TheRuhr (/ˈrʊər/ ROOR; German: Ruhrgebiet [ˈʁuːɐ̯ɡəˌbiːt] , also Ruhrpott German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːɐ̯pɔt] ), also referred to as theRuhr area, sometimes...
in 1922, theoccupation was expanded to include the industrial Ruhr valley from 1923 to 1925. In the early years oftheoccupation, a number of separatist...
The Rhenish Republic (German: Rheinische Republik) was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923 during theoccupationoftheRuhr by troops...
role in his decision was the London Ultimatum of 5 May 1921, which threatened an occupationofthe heavily industrialized Ruhr district if Germany did...
stabilise the German currency and ended theoccupationoftheRuhr. It resulted in a brief period of economic recovery in the second half ofthe 1920s, although...
hyperinflation fueled by the government's response to the occupationoftheRuhr caused the cost of a loaf of bread to rise from 3 Reichsmarks in 1922 to 80 billion...
existential crisis ofthe Weimar Republic in 1923. Three major events in 1923, theoccupationoftheRuhr, separatist unrest in the Rhineland and the Palatinate...
the economic occupationoftheRuhr, the French-Belgian railway Régie, and finally, the military occupationoftheRuhr within a year. The great conclusion...
during theoccupationoftheRuhr, before decreasing to 60,000 men by 1926. Germans viewed the use of French colonial troops as a deliberate act of humiliation...
who was the chancellor of Germany from 1922 to 1923, for a total of 264 days. His tenure included the episode known as theOccupationoftheRuhr by French...
The actual boundaries oftheRuhr vary slightly depending on the source, but a good working definition is to define the Lippe and Ruhr as its northern...
zone ofoccupation. As a result of disputes over German reparations payments required by the Treaty, French and Belgian troops occupied theRuhr in January...
support from the United States. Thus, the Dawes Plan was negotiated after Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré's occupationoftheRuhr, and then the Young Plan...
following the French OccupationoftheRuhr. The Bottleneck was eventually reincorporated with the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. The territory that...
became the Reichswehr Brigade 21, which in 1920 fought in theOccupationoftheRuhr. The Freikorps itself was dissolved on 21 October 1919. and all the members...
chancellorship, he abandoned the policy of passive resistance against the French-Belgian occupationoftheRuhr, and introduced the Rentenmark in a (relatively...
) is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city oftheRuhr, the largest urban area in Germany. Its population of 584,580 makes it the fourth-largest...
policy of passive resistance. This caused the regional economy oftheRuhr, the industrial heartland of Germany, to almost stop. Theoccupation authorities...
contingent—entered the region, initiating theOccupationoftheRuhr. The French Premier Raymond Poincaré was deeply reluctant to order theoccupation and had only...
ships, machines etc. After the First World War came theoccupationoftheRuhr and the loss of many foreign interests; however the company remained viable...
announcing the end to the resistance against the French occupationoftheRuhr, whose apparent capitulation infuriated the nationalists and freebooters. The Kampfbund...