Norethisterone acetate (NETA), also known as norethindrone acetate and sold under the brand name Primolut-Nor among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders.[1][2][3][4] The medication available in low-dose and high-dose formulations and is used alone or in combination with an estrogen.[5][4][6][7] It is ingested orally.[6]
Side effects of NETA include menstrual irregularities, headaches, nausea, breast tenderness, mood changes, acne, increased hair growth, and others.[6] NETA is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone.[1] It has weak androgenic and estrogenic activity and no other important hormonal activity.[1][8] The medication is a prodrug of norethisterone in the body.[9][10]
NETA was patented in 1957 and was introduced for medical use in 1964.[11][12] It is sometimes referred to as a "first-generation" progestin.[13][14] NETA is marketed widely throughout the world.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[15]
^ abcKuhl H (August 2005). "Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration" (PDF). Climacteric. 8 (Suppl 1): 3–63. doi:10.1080/13697130500148875. PMID 16112947. S2CID 24616324.
^J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 886–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
^Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis US. 2000. p. 750. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
^ abc"Norethindrone Monograph for Professionals".
^Cite error: The named reference IndexNominum2000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Drugs@FDA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans; World Health Organization; International Agency for Research on Cancer (2007). Combined Estrogen-progestogen Contraceptives and Combined Estrogen-progestogen Menopausal Therapy. World Health Organization. pp. 417–. ISBN 978-92-832-1291-1. Norethisterone and its acetate and enanthate esters are progestogens that have weak estrogenic and androgenic properties.
^Cite error: The named reference LemkeWilliams2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference pmid22457429 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Marks2010 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Blum2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Robert Anthony Hatcher; Anita L. Nelson, M.D. (2007). Contraceptive Technology. Ardent Media. pp. 195–. ISBN 978-1-59708-001-9.
^Sulochana Gunasheela (14 March 2011). Practical Management of Gynecological Problems. JP Medical Ltd. pp. 31–. ISBN 978-93-5025-240-6.
^"Generic Aygestin Availability".
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relative to other progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethisteroneacetate, with a significantly increased risk of endometrial cancer...
uterus and on body temperature in women. Similarly to oral norethisterone and norethisteroneacetate, intramuscular NETE has been found to form ethinylestradiol...
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estranes and the gonanes. The estranes include norethisterone (norethindrone), norethisteroneacetate, norethisterone enanthate, lynestrenol, etynodiol diacetate...
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