"Bohr" redirects here. For other uses, see Bohr (disambiguation).
Niels Bohr
Bohr in 1922
Born
Niels Henrik David Bohr
(1885-10-07)7 October 1885
Copenhagen, Denmark
Died
18 November 1962(1962-11-18) (aged 77)
Copenhagen, Denmark
Resting place
Assistens Cemetery
Alma mater
University of Copenhagen
Known for
Physics contributions
Bohr magneton
Bohr model
Bohr radius
Bohr–Einstein debates
Bohr–Kramers–Slater theory
Bohr–Van Leeuwen theorem
Bohr–Sommerfeld theory
Complementarity
Copenhagen interpretation
Spouse
Margrethe Nørlund
(m. 1912)
Children
6; including Aage and Ernest
Awards
Nobel Prize in Physics (1922)
Hughes Medal (1921)
Matteucci Medal (1923)
Franklin Medal (1926)
Foreign Member of the Royal Society (1926)
Max Planck Medal (1930)
Faraday Lectureship Prize (1930)
Copley Medal (1938)
Order of the Elephant (1947)
Atoms for Peace Award (1957)
Sonning Prize (1957)
Scientific career
Fields
Theoretical physics
Institutions
University of Cambridge
University of Copenhagen
Victoria University of Manchester
Thesis
Studies on the Electron Theory of Metals(1911)
Doctoral advisor
Christian Christiansen
Other academic advisors
J. J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Doctoral students
Hendrik Kramers I. H. Usmani
Other notable students
Lev Landau
Association football career
Position(s)
Goalkeeper
Youth career
Akademisk Boldklub
Senior career*
Years
Team
Apps
(Gls)
Akademisk Boldklub
*Club domestic league appearances and goals
Signature
Niels Henrik David Bohr (Danish:[ˈne̝lsˈpoɐ̯ˀ]; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research.
Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus but can jump from one energy level (or orbit) to another. Although the Bohr model has been supplanted by other models, its underlying principles remain valid. He conceived the principle of complementarity: that items could be separately analysed in terms of contradictory properties, like behaving as a wave or a stream of particles. The notion of complementarity dominated Bohr's thinking in both science and philosophy.
Bohr founded the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, now known as the Niels Bohr Institute, which opened in 1920. Bohr mentored and collaborated with physicists including Hans Kramers, Oskar Klein, George de Hevesy, and Werner Heisenberg. He predicted the properties of a new zirconium-like element, which was named hafnium, after the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Later, the synthetic element bohrium was named after him.
During the 1930s, Bohr helped refugees from Nazism. After Denmark was occupied by the Germans, he met with Heisenberg, who had become the head of the German nuclear weapon project. In September 1943 word reached Bohr that he was about to be arrested by the Germans, so he fled to Sweden. From there, he was flown to Britain, where he joined the British Tube Alloys nuclear weapons project, and was part of the British mission to the Manhattan Project. After the war, Bohr called for international cooperation on nuclear energy. He was involved with the establishment of CERN and the Research Establishment Risø of the Danish Atomic Energy Commission and became the first chairman of the Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics in 1957.
Niels Henrik David Bohr (Danish: [ˈne̝ls ˈpoɐ̯ˀ]; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding...
The NielsBohr Institute (Danish: NielsBohr Institutet) is a research institute of the University of Copenhagen. The research of the institute spans astronomy...
Aage NielsBohr (Danish: [ˈɔːwə ˈne̝ls ˈpoɐ̯ˀ] ; 19 June 1922 – 8 September 2009) was a Danish nuclear physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics...
In atomic physics, the Bohr model or Rutherford–Bohr model of the atom, presented by NielsBohr and Ernest Rutherford in 1913, consists of a small, dense...
mathematician Niels Erik Nørlund and architect Poul Nørlund. At age 19, Margrethe was studying to be a French teacher when she met NielsBohr, a friend of...
The Bohr family is a Danish family of scientists, scholars and amateur sportsmen. The most famous members are NielsBohr, physicist and winner of the Nobel...
interpretation of the quantum theory, pp. 12–29 in NielsBohr and the Development of Physics: Essays dedicated to NielsBohr on the occasion of his seventieth birthday...
obtained by the Danish physicist NielsBohr as a consequence of his atom model. In 1920, Wolfgang Pauli gave the Bohr magneton its name in an article where...
state. It is named after NielsBohr, due to its role in the Bohr model of an atom. Its value is 5.29177210903(80)×10−11 m. The Bohr radius is defined as a...
views about the meaning of quantum mechanics, stemming from the work of NielsBohr, Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and others. The term "Copenhagen interpretation"...
important to NielsBohr who mentioned Moseley's work several times in his 1962 interview. Moseley was part of Rutherford's group, as was NielsBohr. Moseley...
friend of Niels, and after Niels' maternal grandfather. He was the brother of physicist Aage Bohr, and the nephew of mathematician Harald Bohr, who played...
Christian Harald Lauritz Peter Emil Bohr (1855–1911) was a Danish physician, father of the physicist and Nobel laureate NielsBohr, as well as the mathematician...
physicist NielsBohr. He was on the Denmark national team for the 1908 Summer Olympics, where he won a silver medal. Bohr was born in 1887 to Christian Bohr, a...
to attend the Bohr Festival, because Sommerfeld had a sincere interest in his students and knew of Heisenberg's interest in NielsBohr's theories on atomic...
UNESCO NielsBohr Medal was first minted in 1985 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the birth of the Danish nuclear physicist NielsBohr. It is awarded...
the relationship between classical and quantum mechanics. The physicist NielsBohr coined the term in 1920 during the early development of quantum theory;...
led to the full development of quantum mechanics in the mid-1920s by NielsBohr, Erwin Schrödinger, Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, Paul Dirac and others...
1888 by the Swedish physicist Johannes Rydberg, then theoretically by NielsBohr in 1913, who used a primitive form of quantum mechanics. The formula directly...
parameter in the Rydberg formula for the hydrogen spectral series, but NielsBohr later showed that its value could be calculated from more fundamental...
The NielsBohr International Gold Medal is an international engineering award. It has been awarded since 1955 for "outstanding work by an engineer or physicist...
Bohr Library and Archives – Session IV Oral History interview transcript with David Bohm on 3 October 1986, American Institute of Physics, NielsBohr...
not. The views of several early pioneers of quantum mechanics, such as NielsBohr and Werner Heisenberg, are often grouped together as the "Copenhagen interpretation"...
NielsBohr Library & Archives Oral history interview transcript with Richard Garwin on 20 December 2012, American Institute of Physics, NielsBohr Library...
overseas, before he left Germany in November 1933. After a year at the NielsBohr Institute in Denmark, he moved to the United States, where he worked at...
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