"Heisenberg" redirects here. For other uses, see Heisenberg (disambiguation).
Werner Heisenberg
Heisenberg in 1933
Born
Werner Karl Heisenberg
(1901-12-05)5 December 1901
Würzburg, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire
Died
1 February 1976(1976-02-01) (aged 74)
Munich, Bavaria, West Germany
Resting place
Munich Waldfriedhof
Alma mater
University of Munich
University of Göttingen
Known for
List
Copenhagen interpretation
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
Heisenberg commutation relation
Heisenberg cut
Heisenberg's entryway to matrix mechanics
Heisenberg ferromagnet
Heisenberg group
Heisenberg limit
Heisenberg's microscope
Heisenberg model (classical)
Heisenberg model (quantum)
Heisenberg picture
Heisenberg–Langevin equations
Euler–Heisenberg Lagrangian
Kramers–Heisenberg formula
Isospin
Matrix mechanics
C*-algebra
Exchange interaction
Electron hole theory
Mott problem
Generalized optical theorem
Quantum field theory
Quantum fluctuation
Quantum spacetime
Resonance (chemistry)
S-matrix
S-matrix theory
Spin isomers of hydrogen
Proton–neutron model of the nucleus
Vacuum polarization
Wave function collapse
Uranprojekt
Spouse
Elisabeth Schumacher
(m. 1937)
Children
7 (incl. Jochen and Martin)
Awards
Matteucci Medal (1929)
Barnard Medal (1930)
Nobel Prize in Physics (1932)
Max Planck Medal (1933)
ForMemRS (1955)[1]
Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts (1957)
Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences (1961)
Niels Bohr International Gold Medal (1970)
Scientific career
Fields
Theoretical physics
Institutions
University of Göttingen
University of Copenhagen
University of Leipzig
University of Berlin
University of Munich
University of Chicago
Thesis
Über Stabilität und Turbulenz von Flüssigkeitsströmen (On stability and turbulence of liquid flows)(1923)
Doctoral advisor
Arnold Sommerfeld
Other academic advisors
Niels Bohr
Max Born
Doctoral students
Felix Bloch
Edward Teller
Rudolf E. Peierls
Reinhard Oehme
Fazley Bary Malik
Friedwardt Winterberg
Șerban Țițeica
Ivan Supek
Erich Bagge
Hermann Arthur Jahn
Hans Heinrich Euler
Other notable students
William Vermillion Houston
Guido Beck
Ugo Fano
Ettore Majorana
Herbert Wagner
Signature
Werner Karl Heisenberg (pronounced[ˈvɛʁnɐkaʁlˈhaɪzn̩bɛʁk]ⓘ; 5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976)[2] was a German theoretical physicist, one of the main pioneers of the theory of quantum mechanics, and a principal scientist in the Nazi nuclear weapons program during World War II. He published his Umdeutung paper in 1925, a major reinterpretation of old quantum theory. In the subsequent series of papers with Max Born and Pascual Jordan, during the same year, his matrix formulation of quantum mechanics was substantially elaborated. He is known for the uncertainty principle, which he published in 1927. Heisenberg was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the creation of quantum mechanics".[3][a]
Heisenberg also made contributions to the theories of the hydrodynamics of turbulent flows, the atomic nucleus, ferromagnetism, cosmic rays, and subatomic particles. He was also instrumental in planning the first West German nuclear reactor at Karlsruhe, together with a research reactor in Munich, in 1957.
Following World War II, he was appointed director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics, which soon thereafter was renamed the Max Planck Institute for Physics. He was director of the institute until it was moved to Munich in 1958. He then became director of the Max Planck Institute for Physics and Astrophysics from 1960 to 1970.
Heisenberg was also president of the German Research Council,[4] chairman of the Commission for Atomic Physics, chairman of the Nuclear Physics Working Group, and president of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.[1]
^ abCite error: The named reference formemrs was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Biography was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Werner Heisenberg on Nobelprize.org This source explains that Heisenberg actually received his Nobel Prize for 1932 one year later, in 1933.
^"Reviving German Science". American Institute of Physics.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
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