Neuroligin (NLGN), a type I membrane protein, is a cell adhesion protein on the postsynaptic membrane that mediates the formation and maintenance of synapses between neurons. Neuroligins act as ligands for β-neurexins, which are cell adhesion proteins located presynaptically. Neuroligin and β-neurexin "shake hands", resulting in the connection between two neurons and the production of a synapse.[2] Neuroligins also affect the properties of neural networks by specifying synaptic functions, and they mediate signalling by recruiting and stabilizing key synaptic components. Neuroligins interact with other postsynaptic proteins to localize neurotransmitter receptors and channels in the postsynaptic density as the cell matures.[3] Additionally, neuroligins are expressed in human peripheral tissues and have been found to play a role in angiogenesis.[4] In humans, alterations in genes encoding neuroligins are implicated in autism and other cognitive disorders.[5] Antibodies in a mother from previous male pregnancies against neuroligin 4 from the Y chromosome increase the probability of homosexuality in male offspring.
^Fabrichny IP, Leone P, Sulzenbacher G, Comoletti D, Miller MT, Taylor P, Bourne Y, Marchot P (December 2007). "Structural analysis of the synaptic protein neuroligin and its beta-neurexin complex: determinants for folding and cell adhesion". Neuron. 56 (6): 979–91. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.11.013. PMC 2703725. PMID 18093521.
^Scheiffele P, Fan J, Choih J, Fetter R, Serafini T (June 2000). "Neuroligin expressed in nonneuronal cells triggers presynaptic development in contacting axons". Cell. 101 (6): 657–69. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80877-6. PMID 10892652.
^Cite error: The named reference Purves was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Bottos A, Destro E, Rissone A, Graziano S, Cordara G, Assenzio B, Cera MR, Mascia L, Bussolino F, Arese M (December 2009). "The synaptic proteins neurexins and neuroligins are widely expressed in the vascular system and contribute to its functions". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 106 (49): 20782–7. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10620782B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809510106. PMC 2791601. PMID 19926856.
^Südhof TC (October 2008). "Neuroligins and neurexins link synaptic function to cognitive disease". Nature. 455 (7215): 903–11. Bibcode:2008Natur.455..903S. doi:10.1038/nature07456. PMC 2673233. PMID 18923512.
Neuroligin (NLGN), a type I membrane protein, is a cell adhesion protein on the postsynaptic membrane that mediates the formation and maintenance of synapses...
notably neuroligin, while the intracellular cytoplasmic portion interacts with proteins associated with exocytosis. Neurexin and neuroligin "shake hands...
Neuroligin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLGN3 gene. This gene encodes a member of the neuroligin family of neuronal cell surface proteins...
Neuroligin-4, X-linked is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLGN4X gene. In the human brain, the synaptic protein NLGN4 is primarily expressed...
made and helping to form a stable adhesion complex. synCAM1 along with neuroligin are the two CAM’s known to be sufficient to initiate the formation of...
Gillberg IC, et al. (May 2003). "Mutations of the X-linked genes encoding neuroligins NLGN3 and NLGN4 are associated with autism". Nature Genetics. 34 (1):...
Neuroligin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLGN1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the neuroligin family of neuronal cell surface proteins...
anchoring synaptic proteins. Its direct and indirect binding partners include neuroligin, NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, and potassium channels. It plays an important...
NLGN may refer to: Neuroligin, a protein New Local Government Network, a think tank of the United Kingdom This disambiguation page lists articles associated...
membranes of inhibitory synapses by the trans-synaptic adhesion molecule neuroligin-2, where they provide the scaffold for the clustering of inhibitory postsynaptic...
Autism Speaks, is currently using mice to examine the potential role of neuroligin gene mutations in causing autism. Much research has been done into the...
polyposis coli (APC) multiprotein complex is required for localizing neuroligin and neurexin to neuronal nicotinic synapses in vivo". The Journal of Neuroscience...
Chessler, Steven; Lellouche, Jean-Paul; Gruzman, Arie (2017). "Mimicking Neuroligin-2 Functions in β-Cells by Functionalized Nanoparticles as a Novel Approach...
not yet known. Neuroligins and SynCAM as synaptogenic signals: Sudhof, Serafini, Scheiffele and colleagues have shown that neuroligins and SynCAM can...
dendritic spine growth may be disrupted in autism due to impaired neurexin–neuroligin cell-adhesion signaling or dysregulated synthesis of synaptic proteins...
essential to formation and maintenance of connections between neurons, neuroligins found on postsynaptic neurons that bind presynaptic cell adhesion molecules...
(catalytic triad): a serine, a glutamate or aspartate and a histidine. Neuroligin InterPro: IPR000460 Cholinesterase InterPro: IPR000997 Human genes that...
"Structures, alternative splicing, and neurexin binding of multiple neuroligins". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (5): 2676–2682. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.5.2676. PMID 8576240...
Neuroligin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLGN2 gene. This gene encodes a member of a family of neuronal cell surface proteins. Members...
mutations in ProSAP2/Shank3 impair synaptic transmission and neurexin-neuroligin-mediated transsynaptic signaling". The Journal of Neuroscience. 32 (43):...
presynaptic membrane cell-adhesion molecules that bind primarily to neuroligins, proteins that have been associated with autism. Autism is characterized...
synapses. Peter Scheiffele discovered that the neuronal adhesion molecules neuroligin and neurexin play an important role in synapse formation. In his current...
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