Molecular device capable of converting energy into movement
A nanomotor is a molecular or nanoscale device capable of converting energy into movement. It can typically generate forces on the order of piconewtons.[1][2][3][4]
Magnetically controlled Helical Nanomotor moving inside a HeLa cell drawing a pattern 'N'.[5]
While nanoparticles have been utilized by artists for centuries, such as in the famous Lycurgus cup, scientific research into nanotechnology did not come about until recently. In 1959, Richard Feynman gave a famous talk entitled "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" at the American Physical Society's conference hosted at Caltech. He went on to wage a scientific bet that no one person could design a motor smaller than 400 μm on any side.[6] The purpose of the bet (as with most scientific bets) was to inspire scientists to develop new technologies, and anyone who could develop a nanomotor could claim the $1,000 USD prize.[6] However, his purpose was thwarted by William McLellan, who fabricated a nanomotor without developing new methods. Nonetheless, Richard Feynman's speech inspired a new generation of scientists to pursue research into nanotechnology.
Kinesin uses protein domain dynamics on nanoscales to walk along a microtubule.
Nanomotors are the focus of research for their ability to overcome microfluidic dynamics present at low Reynold's numbers. Scallop Theory explains that nanomotors must break symmetry to produce motion at low Reynold's numbers. In addition, Brownian motion must be considered because particle-solvent interaction can dramatically impact the ability of a nanomotor to traverse through a liquid. This can pose a significant problem when designing new nanomotors. Current nanomotor research seeks to overcome these problems, and by doing so, can improve current microfluidic devices or give rise to new technologies.[citation needed]
Significant research has been done to overcome microfluidic dynamics at low Reynolds numbers. Now, the more pressing challenge is to overcome issues such as biocompatibility, control on directionality and availability of fuel before nanomotors can be used for theranostic applications within the body.[7]
^Dreyfus, R.; Baudry, J.; Roper, M. L.; Fermigier, M.; Stone, H. A.; Bibette, J. (2005). "Microscopic artificial swimmers". Nature. 437 (7060): 862–5. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..862D. doi:10.1038/nature04090. PMID 16208366. S2CID 3025635.
^Bamrungsap, S.; Phillips, J. A.; Xiong, X.; Kim, Y.; Wang, H.; Liu, H.; Hebard, A.; Tan, W. (2011). "Magnetically driven single DNA nanomotor". Small. 7 (5): 601–605. doi:10.1002/smll.201001559. PMID 21370463.
^T. E. Mallouk and A. Sen, "Powering nanorobots," Scientific American, May 2009, pp. 72-77
^J. Wang, "Nanomachines: Fundamental and Application", Wiley, 2013
A nanomotor is a molecular or nanoscale device capable of converting energy into movement. It can typically generate forces on the order of piconewtons...
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968 -- Robert, et al. -- "Electrostatic Motor" Electrostatic generator Nanomotor Oxford Electric Bell Daniel C. Ludois; Kevin Frankforter; Aditya N. Ghule;...
research and development phase, but some primitive molecular machines and nanomotors have been tested. An example is a sensor having a switch approximately...
molecular devices whose motion is controlled via changing voltage: a nanotube nanomotor, a molecular actuator, and a nanoelectromechanical relaxation oscillator...
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Research Institute (NBS), Goel examines the physics of life and the way nanomotors read and write information into DNA. Goel received a PhD and M.A. in physics...
engine Micromotor Flagella – biological motor used by some microorganisms Nanomotor Molecular motor Synthetic molecular motor Adiabatic quantum motor Multifuel...
disk drive actuator Linear actuator Load cell Microactuator Nanotube nanomotor Robot actuators Torque motor Escudier, Marcel; Atkins, Tony (2019). "A...
for necessary resources such as carbon, ATP, or UV light (which some nanomotor examples run on). However, the ecophagy and 'grey goo' scenarios, like...
investigator in its Nanomaterials Innovation Lab. In 2014, her team built a nanomotor that was significantly smaller, faster, and longer running than any previously...
ultrasonic devices may improve healing after retreatment. Application of nanomotor implants have been proposed to achieve thorough disinfection of the dentine...
Venturi, M.; Flood, A. H.; Stoddart, J. F. (2006). "Autonomous artificial nanomotor powered by sunlight". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...
Life Scientist. Nagata Y (June 2014). "Unlocking the secrets of nature's nanomotor". Nikkei Asian Review. Singh, Prashant K.; Sharma, Pankaj; Afanzar, Oshri;...
to prevent and treat antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Application of nanomotor implants have been proposed to achieve thorough disinfection of the dentine...
that can move themselves. The term is often used interchangeably with "nanomotor," despite the implicit size difference. These micromotors actually propel...
designs and applications, has led to the world's fastest nanomotor, the first demonstration of nanomotor operation in living organism (towards treating stomach...
awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 2016 for his pioneering work on nanomotors, together with Jean-Pierre Sauvage and J. Fraser Stoddart. A future nanocar...
professor of chemistry at Pennsylvania State University. His specialties are nanomotors, catalysis, and new materials. He received a $25,000 award in 1984 from...
Tabouillot T, Ibele ME, Butler PJ, Sen A (January 2013). "Enzyme molecules as nanomotors". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 135 (4): 1406–14. doi:10.1021/ja3091615...
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