A nanoscale plasmonic motor (sometimes called a "light mill"[1]) is a type of nanomotor, converting light energy to rotational motion at nanoscale. It is constructed from pieces of gold sheet in a gammadion shape, embedded within layers of silica. When irradiated with light from a laser, the gold pieces rotate. The functioning is explained by the quantum concept of the plasmon. This type of nanomotor is much smaller than other types, and its operation can be controlled by varying the frequency of the incident light.
A working demonstration model has been produced by researchers with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley. Likely further developments include improving strength and flexibility, and identifying lower-cost materials. Applications envisaged include unwinding the DNA of living cells, and efficiently making use of solar energy.
Nanometre-scale plasmonic motor. Illustration of the nano-sized gold motor, sandwiched between two identical 300 nm-thick square-shaped silica microdisks with an area of 2.2×2.2 mm.[2]Rotation characteristic and optical properties of the motors. Rotation characteristic and optical properties of the motors. The colour map shows the normalized electric field distribution, and the red arrows indicate the Poynting flux, which is proportional to the linear momentum of light in the vicinity of the motor. The Poynting flux is scattered/absorbed at the outer side of the arms, inducing a torque on the motor to drive it anticlockwise.[2]
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