Nanocellulose is a term referring to nano-structured cellulose. This may be either cellulose nanocrystal (CNC or NCC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF) also called nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), or bacterial nanocellulose, which refers to nano-structured cellulose produced by bacteria.
CNF is a material composed of nanosized cellulose fibrils with a high aspect ratio (length to width ratio). Typical fibril widths are 5–20 nanometers with a wide range of lengths, typically several micrometers. It is pseudo-plastic and exhibits thixotropy, the property of certain gels or fluids that are thick (viscous) under normal conditions, but become less viscous when shaken or agitated. When the shearing forces are removed the gel regains much of its original state. The fibrils are isolated from any cellulose containing source including wood-based fibers (pulp fibers) through high-pressure, high temperature and high velocity impact homogenization, grinding or microfluidization (see manufacture below).[1][2][3]
Nanocellulose can also be obtained from native fibers by an acid hydrolysis, giving rise to highly crystalline and rigid nanoparticles which are shorter (100s to 1000 nanometers) than the cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) obtained through homogenization, microfluiodization or grinding routes. The resulting material is known as cellulose nanocrystal (CNC).[4]
Nanochitin is similar in its nanostructure to nanocellulose.
^Zhu, Hongli; Luo, Wei; Ciesielski, Peter N.; Fang, Zhiqiang; Zhu, J. Y.; Henriksson, Gunnar; Himmel, Michael E.; Hu, Liangbing (2016). "Wood-Derived Materials for Green Electronics, Biological Devices, and Energy Applications". Chemical Reviews. 116 (16): 9305–9374. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00225. PMID 27459699.
^Klemm, Dieter; Kramer, Friederike; Moritz, Sebastian; Lindström, Tom; Ankerfors, Mikael; Gray, Derek; Dorris, Annie (2011). "Nanocelluloses: A New Family of Nature-Based Materials". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 50 (24): 5438–5466. doi:10.1002/anie.201001273. PMID 21598362.
^Habibi, Youssef (2014). "Key advances in the chemical modification of nanocelluloses". Chemical Society Reviews. 43 (5): 1519–1542. doi:10.1039/C3CS60204D. PMID 24316693.
^Peng BL, Dhar N, Liu HL, Tam KC (2011). "Chemistry and applications of nanocrystalline cellulose and its derivatives: A nanotechnology perspective" (PDF). The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 89 (5): 1191–1206. doi:10.1002/cjce.20554. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2012-08-28.
Nanocellulose is a term referring to nano-structured cellulose. This may be either cellulose nanocrystal (CNC or NCC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF) also...
bottle, Lifesaver Jerrycan, Lifesaver Cube, Nanoceram, and NanoH2O. Nanocellulose based renewable material has a combination of high surface area with...
structures extending from their cell membranes called fibrils. The nanocellulose composing these fibrils demonstrates great strength and stability while...
shear-thinning behavior. Researcher Adam Rees et al. studied the use of nanocellulose bio-inks as wound dressings. They used extrusion by 3D bioprinting to...
representatives of 100 industrial interests and officials from 15 countries. Nanocellulose, a higher-value product, can be produced from bagasse through various...
nanocellulose films, which have a Bouligand structure, can be manipulated to achieve various effects on the material properties. These nanocellulose films...
also producing cellulose. Bacterial cellulose (also sometimes known as nanocellulose) is involved in the formation of biofilms. It is chemically identical...
Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth. Currently, nanocellulose‐based mesoporous structures, flexible thin films, fibers, and networks...
heated to, making it one of the earliest practical uses of iridescence. Nanocellulose is sometimes iridescent, as are thin films of petrol and some other...
positions the laboratory as the country's leading producer of nanocellulose materials. Nanocellulose is simply wood fiber broken down to the nanoscale. For perspective...
nanotechnology, including the use of viruses and lipid assemblies. Nanocellulose, a nanopolymer often used for bulk-scale applications, has gained interest...
It has a hollow tube structure consisting of about 35% cellulose and nanocellulose, 22% xylan and 21.5% lignin in the dry fibre. Also pectin and wax. The...
anisotropic mechanical properties, the field has also explored the use of nanocellulose. Vulcanized fibre has a long history in engineering, from the Victorian...
producing short rigid cellulose nanocrystals a few 100 nm in length. These nanocelluloses are of high technological interest due to their self-assembly into cholesteric...
used internally for shelving Micro fibrillated cellulose, a type of nanocellulose Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control, a business unit Medical Forces...
dietary fibre called Nata de Coco (derived from coconuts) to create nanocellulose sponges for their BNC scaffold. Nata de Coco is biocompatible, has high...
President’s Excellence Chair in Forest Bioproducts. She investigates nanocellulose and hybrid bio-based materials. Cranston is an NSERC E.W.R. Steacie...
Turley, Taylor A.; Betancourt-Ponce, Miguel; Nicolau, Eduardo (2019). "Nanocellulose-Block Copolymer Films for the Removal of Emerging Organic Contaminants...
"Aerogels with 3D Ordered Nanofiber Skeletons of Liquid-Crystalline Nanocellulose Derivatives as Tough and Transparent Insulators". Angewandte Chemie...
"Aerogels with 3D Ordered Nanofiber Skeletons of Liquid-Crystalline Nanocellulose Derivatives as Tough and Transparent Insulators". Angewandte Chemie...
Orlando J. (2016-02-25). Cellulose Chemistry and Properties: Fibers, Nanocelluloses and Advanced Materials. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-26015-0. Advances in...
derivatives form lyotropic liquid crystal phases as do nanocrystalline (nanocellulose) suspensions. Other examples include DNA and Kevlar, which dissolve...
nanostructures with graphene layers Cellulose nanofibre, a type of nanocellulose Cytotoxic necrotising factor family, members of which are referred to...
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