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Myotonia congenita information


Myotonia congenita
Other namesCongenital myotonia, Thomsen syndrome, Becker syndrome
SpecialtyNeurology Edit this on Wikidata
SymptomsDelayed relaxation of muscles, falls, difficulty swallowing
Usual onsetChildhood
TypesAutosomal dominant (Thomsen disease), autosomal recessive (Becker disease)
CausesGenetic, CLCN1 mutations
Diagnostic methodClinical, genetic testing
Differential diagnosisMyotonic dystrophy, Paramyotonia congenita
TreatmentPhysiotherapy, medication
Medicationquinine, phenytoin, carbamazepine, mexiletine
Frequency1 in 10,000 (Finland) - 1 in 100,000 (worldwide)

Myotonia congenita is a congenital neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles (muscles used for movement). It is a genetic disorder. The hallmark of the disease is the failure of initiated contraction to terminate, often referred to as delayed relaxation of the muscles (myotonia) and rigidity.[1] Symptoms include delayed relaxation of the muscles after voluntary contraction (myotonia), and may also include stiffness, hypertrophy (enlargement), transient weakness in some forms of the disorder (from certain genetic mutations), severe masseter spasm, and cramping. The condition is sometimes referred to as fainting goat syndrome, as it is responsible for the eponymous 'fainting' seen in fainting goats when presented with a sudden stimulus. Of note, myotonia congenita has no association with malignant hyperthermia (MH).

  1. ^ Gutmann, Laurie; Phillips Lh, Lawrence (2008). "Myotonia Congenita". Seminars in Neurology. 11 (3): 244–8. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041228. PMID 1947487. S2CID 20602810.

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