Levant:[a] at that time Diocese of the East under the Praetorian prefecture of the East
Result
Muslim victory
Territorial changes
Annexation of the Levant by the Rashidun Caliphate
Belligerents
Rashidun Caliphate
Byzantine Empire Ghassanids Tanukhids
Commanders and leaders
Abu Bakr
Umar ibn al-Khattab
Khalid ibn al-Walid
Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah
Amr ibn al-As
Uqba ibn Nafi
Yazid ibn Abu Sufyan
Shurahbil ibn Hassana
Iyad ibn Ghanm
Muawiyah I
Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl
Heraclius
Jabalah ibn al-Aiham
Theodore Trithyrius †
Vahan †
Vardan
Thomas
Buccinator
Gregory
v
t
e
Early Muslim expansion
Arabia
Mecca
Quraysh
Byzantine Empire
Syria
Egypt
Armenia and Georgia
North Africa
Cyprus
Constantinople
Crete
Sicily and Southern Italy
Sassanid Persia
Fars
Kerman
Northern Persia
Sistan
Khorasan
Afghanistan
Caucasus
Armenia
Caucasian Albania
Caucasian Iberia
Khazar Khaganate
Other regions
Transoxiana
Visigothic Hispania
Frankish Gaul
v
t
e
Arab–Byzantine wars
Early conflicts
Mu'tah
Balqa
Firaz
Dathin
The Levant
Marj Rahit
al-Qaryatayn
Bosra
Ajnadayn
Yaqusa
Marj al-Saffar
Sanita-al-Uqab
Damascus
Maraj-al-Debaj
Fahl
Marj ar-Rum
Emesa
Yarmouk
Laodicea
Jerusalem
Hazir
1st Aleppo
Iron Bridge
2nd Emesa
Germanicia
Egypt
Heliopolis
Babylon Fortress
Alexandria
Nikiou
Darishkur
Bahnasa
North Africa
Sufetula
Vescera
Mamma
Carthage
Tabarka
Anatolia & Constantinople
1st Constantinople
Sebastopolis
Tyana
2nd Constantinople
Nicaea
Akroinon
Border conflicts
Kamacha
Asia Minor (782)
Kopidnadon
Krasos
Asia Minor (806)
Anzen
Amorium
Mauropotamos
Faruriyyah
Lalakaon
Bathys Ryax
Sicily and Southern Italy
1st Syracuse
Messina
Butera
Enna
2nd Syracuse
1st Malta
3rd Syracuse
Caltavuturo
Campaigns of Leo Apostyppes & Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
1st Milazzo
2nd Milazzo
1st Taormina
Garigliano
Campaigns of Marianos Argyros
2nd Taormina
Rometta
Straits of Messina
George Maniakes in Sicily
2nd Malta
Naval warfare
Phoenix
Keramaia
1st Crete
2nd Crete
Thasos
Damietta
Ragusa
Kardia
Gulf of Corinth
Cephalonia
Euripos
Thessalonica
3rd Crete
4th Crete
Tyre
Byzantine reconquest
Campaigns of John Kourkouas
Campaigns of Sayf al-Dawla
Marash
Raban
Andrassos
Campaigns of Nikephoros II
5th Crete
Aleppo
Cilicia
Antioch
Campaigns of John I
Alexandretta
Syria
Campaigns of Basil II
Orontes
2nd Aleppo
Apamea
Azaz
The Muslim conquest of the Levant (Arabic: فَتْحُ الشَّام, romanized: Fath aş-Şâm; lit. "Conquest of Syria"), or Arab conquest of Syria,[1] was a 634–638 CE invasion of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate. A part of the wider Arab-Byzantine Wars, the Levant was brought under Arab Muslim rule and developed into the provincial region of Bilad al-Sham. Clashes between the Arabs and Byzantines on the southern Levantine borders of the Byzantine Empire had occurred during the lifetime of Muhammad, with the Battle of Muʿtah in 629 CE. However, the actual conquest did not begin until 634, two years after Muhammad's death. It was led by the first two Rashidun caliphs who succeeded Muhammad: Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab. During this time, Khalid ibn al-Walid was the most important leader of the Rashidun army.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Sharon, M. (2007). "The decisive battles in the Arab Conquest of Syria". Studia Orientalia Electronica. Vol. 101. pp. 297–358.
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