Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve, Alaska, US
Parent range
Aleutian Range
Topo map
USGS Chignik D-1
Geology
Mountain type
Caldera (Stratovolcano)
Volcanic arc/belt
Aleutian Arc
Last eruption
May to June 1931
U.S. National Natural Landmark
Designated
November 1967
Aniakchak 3D
Mount Aniakchak (Russian: Аниакчак) is a volcano on the western Alaska Peninsula. Part of the Aleutian Volcanic Arc, it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Pacific Plate under the North American Plate. Aniakchak is a 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) wide caldera with a break to the northeast. The caldera contains Surprise Lake and many volcanic cones, maars and craters, including Vent Mountain. The volcano has erupted mainly calc-alkaline rocks ranging from basalt to rhyolite.
Activity began in the Pleistocene. Aniakchak is one of the most active volcanoes in Alaska and underwent several significant caldera-forming eruptions. The largest eruption is known as Aniakchak II and took place in 1628/1627 BCE. During this eruption, pyroclastic flows swept all the flanks of the volcano and caused a tsunami in Bristol Bay. Tephra from the eruption rained down over Alaska, with noticeable deposits being left as far as northern Europe. The eruption depopulated the central Alaska Peninsula and caused cultural changes in Alaska. Together with other volcanic eruptions at that time, Aniakchak II may have caused climatic anomalies. The present-day caldera formed during this eruption. A lake formed in the caldera, which drained in one of the largest known floods of the Holocene. Many lava domes and cones were emplaced within the caldera after the Aniakchak II eruption, with some events depositing ash over Alaska.
The last eruption took place in 1931. It was intense, forming a new crater in the caldera and causing ash fallout over numerous towns in Alaska. The volcano is monitored by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). The area around the volcano is the Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve, maintained by the National Park Service.
MountAniakchak (Russian: Аниакчак) is a volcano on the western Alaska Peninsula. Part of the Aleutian Volcanic Arc, it was formed by the subduction of...
Aniakchak may refer to: Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve MountAniakchakAniakchak River This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct...
Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve is a U.S. National Monument and National Preserve, consisting of the region around the Aniakchak volcano on the...
Minoan eruption of Thera, the Avellino eruption of Mount Vesuvius, or the eruption of MountAniakchak. 1625 BC—Samsu-Ditana becomes King of Babylon (middle...
crater of MountAniakchak, a volcano in the Aleutian Range. It flows eastward from Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve into Aniakchak Bay and the...
Minoan eruption of Thera, the Avellino eruption of Mount Vesuvius, and/or the eruption of MountAniakchak in Alaska. 1625 BC: Samsu-Ditana becomes King of...
include: Mount Adagdak Mount Akutan Mount Amak Mount Amukta MountAniakchak Augustine Volcano Black Peak Bogoslof Island Mount Carlisle Mount Chiginagak...
Grandes United States MountAniakchak (Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve) (Alaska) Cochetopa Caldera (Colorado) Crater Lake on Mount Mazama (Crater Lake...
It is on the Alaska Peninsula, in the Aleutian Range, between MountAniakchak and Mount Chiginagak volcanoes. The volcano was not discovered until 1979...
severe volcanic eruptions occurred, including Mount Vesuvius (Avellino eruption, about 1660 BC), MountAniakchak (about 1645 BC), and Thera (Minoan eruption...
have occurred during this time: the most recent was the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora. This is not a complete list. Year Without a Summer Volcanic winter...
Korea border Mount Aso crater lake, Japan Taal volcano, Philippines Lake Pinatubo, Philippines, formed after the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo Kerið...
Dalrymple, G. B.; Smith, R. L. (March 1994). "Eruptive history and petrology of Mount Drum volcano, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska". Bulletin of Volcanology. 56 (1):...
all attributed the ash to another large eruption during this period, MountAniakchak, thus ruling out Minoan eruption as the cause of the sulfate spike...
National Park Service. February 29, 2008. Retrieved January 17, 2009. "Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve". National Park Service. September 11,...
York, US Mount Jiuhua 1,342 4,403 Anhui, China Armstrong Mountain 1,341.1 4,400 New York, US Hough Peak 1,341.1 4,400 New York, US MountAniakchak 1,341...
Archived from the original on July 13, 2015. Retrieved April 18, 2019. "Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve". National Park Service. Archived from...
plentiful in the Cinder River, which drains cinder beds on the flanks of MountAniakchak. Accessible mainly by small airplanes that can land on cinder beds...
Peninsula in the U.S. state of Alaska. Beginning on the flanks of MountAniakchak in Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve, it flows generally west into...
Mountains MountAniakchak, active stratovolcano Mount Ascension Mount Augusta PB Mount Bagot Mount Balchen Mount Ballyhoo Mount Barrille Mount Bassie Mount Bayard...
2019). "Absolute tree-ring dates for the Late Bronze Age eruptions of Aniakchak and Thera in light of a proposed revision of ice-core chronologies". Antiquity...
R. Hubbard for determining the geologic history of the area around MountAniakchak. Copies of a paper by Fierstein were found in the files of Father Hubbard...
2019). "Absolute tree-ring dates for the Late Bronze Age eruptions of Aniakchak and Thera in light of a proposed revision of ice-core chronologies". Antiquity...
of sockeye salmon, leading them to Surprise Lake in the caldera of MountAniakchak. Directed by Bertrand Loyer and released in France on 31 May 2012....
catch the last oil. The superintendent of Katmai is also responsible for Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve and Alagnak Wild River. Gilbert E. Blinn...
the Fox Islands group Aniakchak Crater in Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve on the Alaska Peninsula (includes Aniakchak Peak and Vent Mountain)...
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