29 October 1907(1907-10-29) (aged 87) Etchmiadzin, Erivan Governorate, Russian Empire
Buried
Etchmiadzin Cathedral
Nationality
Armenian
Ottoman subject (until 1893)[2]
Russian subject (from 1893)[3]
Occupation
Priest
educator
publisher
traveler
thinker
journalist
activist[4]
Previous post(s)
Prelate of Van (1879–85)
Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople (1869–73)
Prelate of Taron and Abbot of Surb Karapet Monastery (1862–68)
Abbot of Varagavank (1857–62)
Mkrtich Khrimian[a] (classical Armenian: Մկրտիչ Խրիմեան, reformed: Մկրտիչ Խրիմյան; 4 April 1820 – 29 October 1907) was an Armenian Apostolic Church leader, educator, and publisher who served as Catholicos of All Armenians from 1893 to 1907. During this period he was known as Mkrtich I of Van (Մկրտիչ Ա Վանեցի, Mkrtich A Vanetsi).
A native of Van, one of the largest cities in Turkish (Western) Armenia, Khrimian became a celibate priest (vardapet) in 1854 after the death of his wife and daughter. In the 1850s and 1860s he served as the abbot of two important monasteries in Turkish Armenia: Varagavank near Van and Surb Karapet Monastery near Mush. During this period he established schools and journals in both monasteries. He served as Patriarch of Constantinople—the most influential figure within the Ottoman Armenian community—from 1869 to 1873 and resigned due to pressure from the Ottoman government which saw him as a threat. He was the head of the Armenian delegation at the 1878 Congress of Berlin. Returning from Europe, he encouraged Armenian peasants to follow the example of Christian Balkan peoples by launching an armed struggle for autonomy or independence from the Ottoman Turks.
Between 1879 and 1885 he served as prelate of Van, after which he was forced into exile to Jerusalem. He was elected as head of the Armenian Church in 1892, however, he was enthroned more than a year later and served in that position until his death. He opposed the Russian government's attempt to confiscate the properties of the Armenian Church in 1903, which was later canceled in part due to his efforts. Khrimian further endorsed the liberation movement of the Armenian revolutionaries.
He is a towering figure in modern Armenian history and has been affectionately called Khrimian Hayrik[b] (hayrik is diminutive for "father").[7] A well-known defender of Armenian interests and aspirations, his progressive activities are seen as having laid the groundwork for the rise of Armenian nationalism and the consequent national liberation movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
^"Ամենայն հայոց կաթողիկոս Մկրտիչ Ա Վանեցի". treasury.am (in Armenian). Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Հեղինակ՝ լուսանկարիչ Գարեգին Հովսեփյան
^Kostandyan 2006, pp. 84–85.
^Vartooguian 1896, p. 91.
^Tekkoyun 2011, p. 53.
^Cite error: The named reference Hrimyan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Kırımyan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Sheklian, Christopher (2014). "Venerating the Saints, Remembering the City: Armenian Memorial Practices and Community Formation in Contemporary Istanbul". In Agadjanian, Alexander (ed.). Armenian Christianity Today: Identity Politics and Popular Practice. Ashgate Publishing. p. 162. ISBN 978-1-4724-1271-3.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
MkrtichKhrimian (classical Armenian: Մկրտիչ Խրիմեան, reformed: Մկրտիչ Խրիմյան; 4 April 1820 – 29 October 1907) was an Armenian Apostolic Church leader...
directly into English as Mkrtich, but other romanizations are found: MkrtichKhrimian (1820–1907), Catholicos of All Armenians Mkrtich Achemian (1838–1917)...
Due to popular resistance and the personal defiance of Catholicos MkrtichKhrimian, the edict was canceled in 1905. During the Armenian genocide, the...
Armenian National Assembly and Patriarch Nerses Varzhapetian asked MkrtichKhrimian, his predecessor on Patriarchal See and future Catholicos, to present...
Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in 1908–1910. He succeeded Mkrtich I Khrimian (better known as Khrimian Hayrik), who reigned as Catholicos from 1892 to 1907...
revolutionary movement. The Patriarch of Constantinople MkrtichKhrimian was an important figure. MkrtichKhrimian transferred to Jerusalem in his later years, although...
the Ottoman Empire. The Armenians sent a delegation which was led by MkrtichKhrimian to the 1878 Congress of Berlin to lobby the European powers to include...
Church has been a great defender of Armenian nationalism, with leaders like Khrimian Hayrik who devoted his life to the peasantry. The establishment of modern...
Empire Karatheodori Pasha Sadullah Pasha Mehmed Ali Pasha Catholicos MkrtichKhrimian (representing Armenian population) Romania Ion C. Brătianu Mihail Kogălniceanu...
replacing a 17th-century wooden chapel. It was consecrated by Catholicos MkrtichKhrimian in 1914. During the Soviet period, the church was used as warehouse...
then weekly, in Constantinople and Varagavank from 1855 to 1874 by MkrtichKhrimian and M. Ananian. It was the first periodical published in the territory...
This alienation from the center was highlighted by the work of bishop MkrtichKhrimian. He worked to increase the influence of sub-councils of the towns of...
and 1962 to serve as a bookstore as well. Khrimian Museum: built and opened in 1896 by Catholicos Mkrtich I of Van and served as a religious museum until...
A1plus. 23 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 May 2016. Karapetyan, Mkrtich (21 November 2018). "Meet the 11 People Leading the Lists in Armenia's...
founded (Russian Armenia) 1890 September 27: Gugunian Expedition 1892: MkrtichKhrimian becomes Catholicos of All Armenians 1894: First Sasun Resistance 1895...
800 rubles for his three-year tuition at the request of Catholicos MkrtichKhrimian. Komitas arrived in Berlin in early June 1896 without having been accepted...
constructed between 1897 and 1904. After being consecrated by Catholicos MkrtichKhrimian in 1903, the church was officially opened in 1904. In February 1921...
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