Mitochondrial unfolded protein response information
The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a cellular stress response related to the mitochondria. The UPRmt results from unfolded or misfolded proteins in mitochondria beyond the capacity of chaperone proteins to handle them.[1] The UPRmt can occur either in the mitochondrial matrix or in the mitochondrial inner membrane.[1] In the UPRmt, the mitochondrion will either upregulate chaperone proteins or invoke proteases to degrade proteins that fail to fold properly.[1] UPRmt causes the sirtuin SIRT3 to activate antioxidant enzymes and mitophagy.[2]
Mitochondrial electron transport chain mutations that extend the life span of Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode worms) also activate the UPRmt.[3] Activation of the UPRmt in nematode worms by increasing NAD+ by supplementation with nicotinamide or nicotinamide riboside has been shown to extend lifespan.[4] Glial and germline mitochondria has been found to play a significant role in the signalling and regulation of UPRmt[5][6][7] have been shown to play a central role Nicotinamide riboside supplementation in mice has also been shown to activate the UPRmt.[8]
^ abcPellegrino MW, Nargund AM, Haynes CM (February 2013). "Signaling the mitochondrial unfolded protein response". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. 1833 (2): 410–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.02.019. PMC 3393825. PMID 22445420.
^Papa L, Germain D (February 2014). "SirT3 regulates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 34 (4): 699–710. doi:10.1128/MCB.01337-13. PMC 3911493. PMID 24324009.
^Durieux J, Wolff S, Dillin A (January 2011). "The cell-non-autonomous nature of electron transport chain-mediated longevity". Cell. 144 (1): 79–91. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.016. PMC 3753670. PMID 21215371.
^Mouchiroud L, Houtkooper RH, Moullan N, Katsyuba E, Ryu D, Cantó C, et al. (July 2013). "The NAD(+)/Sirtuin Pathway Modulates Longevity through Activation of Mitochondrial UPR and FOXO Signaling". Cell. 154 (2): 430–41. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.016. PMC 3062502. PMID 23870130.
^Shen, Koning; Durieux, Jenni; Mena, Cesar G.; Webster, Brant M.; Kimberly Tsui, C.; Zhang, Hanlin; Joe, Lawrence; Berendzen, Kristen; Dillin, Andrew (2023-08-22). The germline coordinates mitokine signaling (Report). Genetics. doi:10.1101/2023.08.21.554217. PMC 10592821. PMID 37873079.
^Callier, Viviane (2024-01-08). "Cells Across the Body Talk to Each Other About Aging". Quanta Magazine.
^Zhang H, Ryu D, Wu Y, Gariani K, Wang X, Luan P, et al. (June 2016). "NAD⁺ repletion improves mitochondrial and stem cell function and enhances life span in mice". Science. 352 (6292): 1436–43. Bibcode:2016Sci...352.1436Z. doi:10.1126/science.aaf2693. PMID 27127236.
and 23 Related for: Mitochondrial unfolded protein response information
The mitochondrialunfoldedproteinresponse (UPRmt) is a cellular stress response related to the mitochondria. The UPRmt results from unfolded or misfolded...
degradation processes. When proteins are determined to be unfolded or misfolded, they are typically degraded via the unfoldedproteinresponse (UPR) or...
assembly of unfolded polypeptides generated under stress conditions in the mitochondrial matrix. HSP60 interacts with HRAS and with HBV protein X and HTLV-1...
University. Hoogenraad's work led to the discovery of the mitochondrialunfoldedproteinresponse. Hoogenraad completed a bachelor of agricultural science...
amelioration of diabetic symptoms. PKR also participates in the mitochondrialunfoldedproteinresponse (UPRmt). Here, PKR is induced via the transcription factor...
The resulting unfolded precursor proteins will then be able to reach their respective mitochondrial compartments. Precursor proteins will be transported...
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. They were first described in relation...
or high pH, and mitochondrial membrane remodeling. In addition, it can become activated by binding BCL-2, as well as non-BCL-2 proteins such as p53 and...
mitochondria, including its DNA, until it cannot repair itself. Mitochondrialunfoldedproteinresponse will be initiated. GFER has a few more roles which may...
of Kar2p/BiP from an ER sensory molecule, Ire1p, triggers the unfoldedproteinresponse in yeast". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications...
folded proteins are transported from the rough ER to the Golgi apparatus – unfoldedproteins cause an unfoldedproteinresponse as a stress response in the...
metabolism, inflammation, autophagy, proteostasis, mitochondrial physiology, and immune responses. Several drugs that stimulate the NFE2L2 pathway are...
manipulation of stress response pathways, such as the heat shock response and the unfoldedproteinresponse of the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. In...
Australian biochemist, discoverer of the mechanism of the mitochondrialunfoldedproteinresponse, Professor of Biochemistry at La Trobe University (1993–2014)...
Exercise-induced PGC-1α in skeletal muscle increases autophagy and unfoldedproteinresponse. PGC-1α protein may also be involved in controlling blood pressure, regulating...
Protein phosphorylation is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase...
response. It is a heat-inducible protein and during stress it prevents unfoldedproteins from accumulating in the cytoplasm. Accumulation of unfolded...
fission. Mitofusin-2 (MFN2) is a mitochondrial membrane protein that plays a central role in regulating mitochondrial fusion and cell metabolism. More...
unknown protein. This was later described as the "Heat Shock Response" and the proteins were termed the "Heat Shock Proteins" (Hsps). The Hsp70 proteins have...
of protein structure that were previously unfolded or a re-arrangement in the folding or a refolding of the membrane-associated part of the proteins. It...
mechanism for mitochondrialprotein quality control. LONP1 is the major protease responsible for the recognition and removal of unfoldedproteins in the mitochondrial...
Global Information