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Minhag Morocco information


Minhag Morocco (Hebrew:מנהג מרוקו) refers to the religious customs adopted by Moroccan Jewry, from the Hebrew "Minhag", or custom. Although in the Middle Ages, there was a unique Nusach Morocco, unrelated to Sephardic liturgy, this original minhag has not been practiced since shortly after the Expulsion of Jews from Spain, and it is not well documented.[1] Since this time, the Moroccan rite has been a subset of the Sephardic rite, but with certain customs of its own. Many sources contributed to and influenced the development of Moroccan religious customs, including the Shulchan Aruch, the Livorno minhag, the Ashkenazic minhag and even the presence of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement in Morocco. Minhag Morocco can be considered a sub-class within the Sephardic minhag but has many differences and unique traits. A related concept that falls under Minhag Morocco is the Moroccan Nusach, which more specifically refers to the variations in the prayer service.

Minhag Morocco itself is not monolithic. Even within the Moroccan Minhag there are variations, most notably those between the Spanish-Moroccan community and the French-Moroccan community. Furthermore, there are variations from city to city (Fes versus Meknes, for example). The Spanish community historically resided in the northern tip of Morocco in such cities as Tangiers and Tetouan while the French community resided in the larger southern zone which included Casablanca, Marrakesh, Fes, Meknes, among others.

The Moroccan Minhag is extant today in the small Jewish community that remains in Morocco as well as in many "diaspora" communities outside of Morocco. As Moroccan Jews emigrated to Israel, France, Canada, the United States, Venezuela, etc., they transplanted the customs of their community to wherever they settled and in most cases were able to establish synagogues that suited their ritual preferences. Indeed, in casual religious parlance, a synagogue that has adopted the Moroccan Minhag as its official rite is known as a "Moroccan" synagogue.

  1. ^ Moshe Amar, Ets Haim, Ramat Gan 1987.

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