Global InformationMigrant crisis information
Migrant crisis is the intense difficulty, trouble, or danger situation in the receiving state (destination country) due to the movements of large groups of immigrants (displaced people, refugee or asylum seeker) escaping from the conditions (natural or artificially created) which negatively affected their situation (security, economic, political or societal) at the country of origin (departure). The "crisis" situation is not the refugee numbers (number of migrants seeking protection) but the system's failure to respond in an orderly way to the government's legal obligations.[1] Some notable crises are; European migrant crisis, English Channel migrant crisis and World War II evacuation and expulsion.
A refugee crisis refers to a movement of "large" groups of displaced people, and may or may not involve a migrant crisis. The US government's legal obligations inadvertently created the 2014 American immigration crisis. The crisis developed because of unaccompanied children[2] who do not have a legal guardian to provide physical custody (USA ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child), and care quickly overwhelmed the "local border patrols" creating a migrant crisis.[3] Push-Pull view: The "refugee crisis" is a humanitarian one for those adopting the "Push" factors as main cause, while they acknowledge that reasons for migration may be mixed, even the refugees as weapons. For those focusing on "Pull" factors, the "migration crisis" has its roots in border enforcement policies (Immigration system) that were perceived as not sufficiently strict and the need for cheap workers for US business (family separation policy), severe (Operation Streamline), or careful (catch & release) by potential migrants.[4] Compared to refugee crisis (refugee is a refugee), migrant crises also have a separate or distinguish between the “deserving” refugee from the “undeserving” migrant and play into fear of cultural, religious, and ethnic difference in the midst of increasing intense, excessive, and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations and lacking in predictability, job security, material or psychological welfare for many in Europe (such in closure of Green Borders).[5]
"Migrant crisis management" involves dealing with issues ("immigration system", "resource management", etc.) before, during, and after they have occurred. According to Global Crisis Centre, migrant crisis management is shaped using the definitions and responsibilities outlined in the UN's Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and subsequent Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees and international solidarity and burden-sharing with collaboration, communication and information dissemination, which are needed for solving migratory issues of the world.[6]
- ^ Guttentag, Lucas. "Crisis at the Border? An Update on Immigration Policy with Stanford's Lucas Guttentag". Stanford Law School.
- ^ "unaccompanied alien child". law.cornell.edu.
- ^ Lind, Dara (19 September 2014). "The child migrant crisis seems to be over. What happened?". Vox. Vox.
- ^ Musalo, Karen; Lee, Eunice (2017-03-01). "Seeking a Rational Approach to a Regional Refugee Crisis: Lessons from the Summer 2014 "Surge" of Central American Women and Children at the US-Mexico Border". Journal on Migration and Human Security. 5 (1): 137–179. doi:10.1177/233150241700500108. ISSN 2330-2488. S2CID 219950796.
- ^ Holmes, Seth M. (2016-02-01). "Representing the "European refugee crisis" in Germany and beyond: Deservingness and difference, life and death" (PDF). American Ethnologist. 43 (1): 12. doi:10.1111/amet.12259. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
- ^ Butler, Melanie. "Managing the refugee and migrant crisis The role of governments, private sector and technology" (PDF). www.pwc.com. Global Crisis Centre. Retrieved 28 August 2019.