Migrant crisis experienced by the Republic of Turkey in the 2010s
Syrian refugees at Öncüpınar Accommodation Facility
The Turkish migrant crisis, sometimes referred to as the Turkish refugee crisis,[1][2][3][4] was a period during the 2010s characterised by a high number of people migrating to Turkey. Turkey received the highest number of registered refugees of any country or territory each year from 2014 to 2019, and had the world's largest refugee population according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).[5][6] The majority were refugees of the Syrian Civil War, numbering 3.6 million as of June 2020[update]. [7] In 2018, the UNHCR reported that Turkey hosted 63.4% of all "registered Syrian refugees."[8]
Turkey's migrant crisis is a part of the wider European migrant crisis.[9] On 20 March 2016, a deal between the EU and Turkey to tackle the migrant crisis formally came into effect, which was intended to limit the influx of irregular migrants entering the EU through Turkey.[10] In December 2020, the contract expired and the EU extended it until 2022, giving an extra €485 million to Turkey.[11] The migrant crisis has had a significant impact on Turkey's relationship with the EU.[12]
In response to the crisis, Turkey passed the Law on Foreigners and International Protection and the Temporary Protection,[13] established the Syria–Turkey barrier and the Iran–Turkey barrier to stop smuggling and improve security,[14] and negotiated ceasefires in Syria in order to establish safe zones for civilians.[15]
^Bryza, Matthew (16 July 2018). "Turkey and the migration crisis: a positive example for the Transatlantic community". euractiv.com. Auractive. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
^Kivilcim, Zeynep (2019). "Migration Crises in Turkey". In Menjívar, Cecilia; Ruiz, Marie; Ness, Immanuel (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Migration Crises. Oxfordh Hndbooks. pp. 426–444. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190856908.013.48. ISBN 978-0-19-085690-8. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
^Staff (30 November 2016). "Turkey's Refugee Crisis: The Politics of Permanence". Crisis Group. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
^"Turkey uses refugee crisis to up the ante". BBC News. 2016-02-08. Archived from the original on 2021-12-09. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
^"(Tab1, second column)". Archived from the original on 2018-07-10. Retrieved 2020-03-05.
^"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-10. Retrieved 2022-02-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^"Situation Syria Regional Refugee Response". United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Archived from the original on 2018-03-05. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
^"Total Persons of Concern by Country of Asylum". data2. UNHCR. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
^"Migrant crisis: EU-Turkey deal comes into effect". BBC News. 2016-03-20. Archived from the original on 2021-12-08. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
^"EU-Turkey migrant deal: A Herculean task". BBC News. 2016-03-18. Archived from the original on 2021-12-08. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
^"EU finishes contracting $7.3 bln refugee deal with Turkey". hurriyetdailynews. 17 December 2020. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
^Beken Saatçioğlu, "The European Union's refugee crisis and rising functionalism in EU-Turkey relations." Turkish Studies 21.2 (2020): 169–187.
^"Turkey: New Law on Foreigners and International Protection". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on 2021-12-09. Retrieved 2021-12-08.
^Cite error: The named reference Telegraph was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference safe was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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