Autophagic pathway mediated by direct engulfment of the cytoplasmic cargo
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Microautophagy is one of the three common forms of autophagic pathway, but unlike macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy, it is mediated—in mammals by lysosomal action or in plants and fungi by vacuolar action—by direct engulfment of the cytoplasmic cargo. Cytoplasmic material is trapped in the lysosome/vacuole by a random process of membrane invagination.
The microautophagic pathway is especially important for survival of cells under conditions of starvation, nitrogen deprivation, or after treatment with rapamycin. Generally a non-selective process, there are three special cases of a selective microautophagic pathway: micropexophagy, piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus, and micromitophagy, all which are activated only under a specific conditions.[1]
^Li, WW; Li, J; Bao, JK (Apr 2012). "Microautophagy: lesser-known self-eating". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 69 (7): 1125–36. doi:10.1007/s00018-011-0865-5. PMC 11114512. PMID 22080117. S2CID 16160373.
Microautophagy is one of the three common forms of autophagic pathway, but unlike macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy, it is mediated—in mammals...
rapidly. Four forms of autophagy have been identified: macroautophagy, microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and crinophagy. In macroautophagy...
by endocytosis, but also by pinocytosis, macroautophagy, endosomal microautophagy or chaperone-mediated autophagy. In the first case, after internalisation...
autophagy includes three small branches, which are macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Most organisms that use intracellular...
et al. (July 2005). "The TOR and EGO protein complexes orchestrate microautophagy in yeast". Molecular Cell. 19 (1): 15–26. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2005...
organelles via macroautophagy or proteins and smaller cellular debris via microautophagy from the cytoplasm. Thus, autophagy is a way for the cell to recycle...
chaperone-mediated autophagy mRNA splicing, via spliceosome late endosomal microautophagy regulation of transcription, DNA-templated regulation of protein stability...
protein lipidation cellular response to nitrogen starvation piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus late nucleophagy positive regulation of autophagy regulation...
mitochondrion autophagy of peroxisome reticulophagy glycophagy regulation of macroautophagy piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus Sources:Amigo / QuickGO...
membrane extracellular exosome nucleus Biological process late endosomal microautophagy regulation of centrosome duplication protein depolymerization viral...
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